SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY

Extinction

Refers to the termination of a species caused by habitat destruction, introduction of non-native species, over-exploitation, pollution, or climate change

B. Habitat formation

All are threats to biodiversity, except:

A. Global Climate change
B. Habitat formation
C. Pollution
D. Exploitation

Habitat

A place in which a particular species of organism lives

True

True or False

Ecosystem is a self contained community of microorganisms, animal and plants that interact with each other and with their physical environment.

False

True or False

Genetic Diversity refers to the variety of different types of species found in a particular area.

World Wild Fund for Nature

6. ___________ defined the biodiversity as the wealth of life on earth, the millions of plants, animals an microorganisms, the genes they contain, and the intricate ecosystems they help build into the living environment.

D. 5th

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR 2009) claims that in terms of biodiversity, the Philippine was ____ in the world as to number of plant species.

A. 10th
B. 8th
C. 4th
D. 5th

Ex situ conservation

It is the process of protecting species outside of its natural habitat by removing a species from its threatened habitat and placing it in a new location, like zoological gardens, aquaria, captive breeding centers, botanical gardens, seed banks and gene banks, within the care of humans.

1. Oxygen

2. Food

3. Clean Water

4. Medicine

5. Aesthetics

6. Lumber

7. Ideas

What do we get from biodiversity?

D. It is an integral part of modernization

All are importance of Biodiversity, except:

A. It supports healthy ecosystems.
B. It is an essential part of the solution to climate change
C. It is good for the economy.
D. It is an integral part of modernization

False

True or False

Pisidum is the largest shell in the world

True

True or False

Connus gloriamaris is one of the most expensive shells in the world and classified as an endemic species.

B. Rhyncodon typus

Largest fish

A. Vanda sanderiana
B. Rhyncodon typus
C. Tragalus nigricans
D. Bubalus mindorensis

Biodiversity

It pertains to the relative abundance and richness of the different traits, species, and ecosystems in a particular area or region.

A. Environmental Pollution

Domestic agriculture and industrial wastes are poorly treated and are often discharged into the sea, and to other bodies of water, such as rivers and lakes. Pollution can lead to diseases and pollution stresses, such as coral bleaching on reefs.

A. Environmental Pollution
B. Climate Change
C. Over-exploitation
D. Modernization

False

True or False

Worldwide, over 154 million hectares have been planted with genetically modified crops as of 2018, particularly herbicide and pest-resistant canola, cotton, corn and soybeans.

Flavr Savr tomato

It is the first commercially available GM food that had an antisense gene that increased its shelf life and delayed ripening

C. United States

Had the largest area worldwide of GM crops

A. UAE
B. Russia
C. United States
D. Brazil

GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms

Organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques, which is a direct manipulation of an organisms genome

True

True or False

The development of GMOs was perceived to help in the advancement of technology for the benefit of humans in different industries like agriculture and medicine.

C. Providing crop resistance

All are risks of GMO, except:

A. Expensive & time consuming
B. Promote the development of pesticide
C. Providing crop resistance
D. Concerns about allergenicity

By crops

_________ produced from 1996 onwards are maize, potato, cotton and soybean

cultivation

With the use of GMO crops, there will be less use for herbicides/ pesticides, and lower cost for ________ and labor.

B. Bacillus thuringiensis

____________ is a bacterium found in soil that are toxic to some insects when eaten, but not others.

A. Staphlyococcuspneumoniae
B. Bacillus thuringiensis
C. Clostridium botulinum
D. Streptococcus viridans

False

True or False

The toxin is produced by the Cry gene found on nucleus in the bacterium.

Computer Age, Digital Age, New Media Age, Internet Age

Other terms for Information Age.

Information Age

Characterized by the rapid shift from traditional industry to an economy based on information
technology.

Moore's Law (1965)

It is an observation that the number of transistors in a dense
integrated circuit doubles about every two years.

C. Historical Measurements since 1899
CORRECT ANSWER: *since 1861

The following are used for measurements of past temperature changes EXCEPT:

A. Ice cores from glaciers
B. Tree rings
C. Historical Measurements since 1899
D. Rocks and Fossils

FALSE. *Correct answer: Annual greenhouse gas emissions up 70% between 1970 and 2008

True or False

One of the evidences to support global warming is the annual greenhouse gas emissions up 98% between 1970 and 2008

TRUE

True or False

One of the solution to slow climate change is to remove CO2 from smokestack and vehicle emissions

B. Improves food production

The following are harmful effects of Global warming except:

A. Threat to biodiversity
B. Improves food production
C. Threats to human health
D. Change location of agricultural crops

False

True or False

To reverse ozone depletion, we need to keep on producing ozone-depleting chemicals and adhere to the international treaties that ban such chemicals.

Iron (Fe)

The seed oceans with ___, as one of the ways to promote the growth of phytoplankton, helps capturing and storing CO2.

False

Correct Answer: Fremont Rider

True or False

Nicholas Negroponte described the miniaturized microform analog photographs, which could be
duplicated on-demand for library patrons and other institutions.

False

Correct Answer: In pre-industrial age, earliest hominids used STONE TOOLS.

True or False

Earliest Hominids used wooden tools, which they may have used to start fires, hunt, and bury their dead.

False

Correct Answer: In pre-industrial age communication were LIMITED.

True or False

Communications were endless between community.

Papyrus Scrolls

Sumerians: Clay Tablet

Egyptian: ?

True

True or False

Pre-historic men used hand stencils and simple geometric shapes to create art on the
walls of caves.

Johannes Gutenberg & Renaissance

___________ is the one who invented printing press during ___________ period?

False

Correct Answer: In pre-industrial age, WRITING was developed.

True or False

About 2.5 million years before painting was developed.

Industrial Age

is a period of history that encompasses the changes in economic and social
organization.

1760 & Great Britain

Industrial period began around what year and what country?

Industrial Age

In this age, replacement of hand tools with power-driven machines and concentration of industry in large establishment started.

Telephone

(Industrial Age)

Thomas Edison: Incandescent Light Bulb

Alexander Graham Bell: ?

Telegraph

Became the standard for international communication with a modified code during industrial age.

Samuel F.B. Morse

Who invented the telegraph?

Telephone

An electric tool transmitting analogue speech along wires during industrial age.

Phonograph

a device for the mechanical recording and reproduction of
sound invented during the industrial age.

Thomas Edison

Who invented the phonograph?

Heinrich Hertz

He identified and studied radio waves in 1886.

Fully Electronic Television

It became an important mass medium for
advertising, propaganda and entertainment during industrial age.

First Practical Radio Transmitters and Receivers

Guiglielmo Marconi developed what in industrial age?

Philo Farnsworth

is famous for inventing the first fully electronic television during industrial age.

Electronic Age

Age that began when electronic equipment and large technologies, including
computers came into use.

Transistor

In Electronic Age, the invention of the _________ ushered.

False

Correct Answer: Electronic Age DAPAT.

True or False

In information age, long distance communication became more efficient.

True

True or False

In electronic age, people
harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early
computers.

Enigma Machine

(Electronic Age)

What is a piece of spook hardware used as a way of deciphering German signals traffic
during World War Two?

True

T or F: One of the disadvantages of nanotechnology is the potential risks to absorb toxic chemicals

Earliest Hominids

(Pre-industrial Age)

Technology began with the __________ .

D. Fragrance

The following are former uses of CFCs EXCEPT:

A. Fumigants
B. Propellants in aerosol cans
C. Coolants in refrigerators
D. Fragrance
E. Bubbles in plastic packing foam

Pre-industrial Age

a time before there were machines and tools to help them perform the tasks.

Rowland and Molina

Two chemists who won a nobel prize in 1995 about a research in banning chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Richard Feynman

an American Physicist discussed, "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom".

Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng

fabricated the first MOSFET ( metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) with a gate oxide thickness of 100nm, along with a gate length of 20μm.

Norio Taniguchi

a Japanese scientist of Tokyo University of Science coined the term "nanotechnology" to describe semiconductor processes such as film deposition and ion beam milling exhibiting characteristic control on the order of a nanometer.

Scanning Tunneling Microscope

The invention of ___________________, an instrument used for imaging surfaces at the atomic level. It was invented by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM Zurich (Nobel Prize in Physics).

Fullerenes

an allotrope of carbon whose molecule consists of carbon atoms connected by single and double bonds so as to form a closed or partially closed mesh, with fused rings of five to seven atoms.

Eric Dexler

Published the book Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology.

3nm MOSFET

_____________, the worlds' smallest nanoelectronic device was created by Korean Researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and the National Nano Fab Center.

Mesopotamia

In __________, nanoparticles were used for creating a glittering effect on the surface of pots.

Modern Times

In __________, pottery from the Middle Ages and Renaissance often retains a distinct gold- or copper-colored metallic glitter.

Rome

In ________, Lycurgus cup is made of a glass that changes colour when light gleamed through it.

Mayan City of Chichen Itza

In pre-columbian _______________, a corrosion resistant azure pigment known as "Maya Blue" contains nanopores to create an environmentally stable pigment.

Middle East

In _________, Damascus steel swords contain oriented nanoscale wire-and-tube-like structures.

Nanotechnology

The engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale.

A. TRUE

Nanotechnology deals with the creation of functional materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter or nanoscale.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE

B. FALSE (Nanotechnology is a Hybrid Science combining Engineering, Chemistry, and to a certain extent Biology.)

Nanotechnology is a Hybrid Mathematics combining Engineering, Chemistry, and to a certain extent Biology.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE

A. TRUE

Nanotechnology placed its footprints in the field of energy, medicine, electronics, computing, security, and materials.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE

A. Nanoscience

____________ is the study of phenomena and manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular, and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale.
A. Nanoscience
B. Nanotechnologies

B. Nanotechnologies

______________ are the design, characterization, production, and application of structures, devices, and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale.
A. Nanoscience
B. Nanotechnologies

C. Billionth

One nanometer is a _________ of a meter, or 10-9 of a meter.
A. Millionth
B. Thousands
C. Billionth
D. Hundreds

B. 25,400,000

There are ________ nanometers in an inch.
A. 26,400,000
B. 25,400,000
C. 25,600,000
D. 26,600,000

C. 100,000

A sheet of newspaper is about ________ nanometers thick.
A. 1,000
B. 10,000
C. 100,000
D. 1,000,000

A. TRUE

On a comparative scale, if a marble were a nanometer, then one meter would be the size of the Earth.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE

B. Top-down

(Nanotechnology Approach) Etching a block of material down to the desired shape; Chips and processors
A. Bottom-up
B. Top-down

A. Bottom-up

(Nanotechnology Approach) Building materials atom by atom - like lego; Nanoparticles such as C60, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots
A. Bottom-up
B. Top-down

C. Small size may result in particles passing into the body more easily (inhalation, ingestion, absorption)

All of the following are advantages of nanotechnology, EXCEPT:

A. Protect drugs from being degraded in the body before they reach their target
B. Enhances the absorption of drugs into tumors and into the cancerous cells themselves.
C. Small size may result in particles passing into the body more easily (inhalation, ingestion, absorption)
D. Allows for better control over the timing and distribution of drugs to the tissue, making it easier for oncologists to assess how well they work.
E. Prevent drugs from interacting with normal cells, thus avoiding side effects.

E. Prevent drugs from interacting with normal cells, thus avoiding side effects.

All of the following are disadvantages of nanotechnology, EXCEPT:

A. Adverse health effects in humans and in the environment from deliberate or accidental exposure
B. Potentially explosive properties of nanostructures
C. Very difficult to detect without sophisticated equipment
D. Small size may result in particles passing into the body more easily (inhalation, ingestion, absorption)
E. Prevent drugs from interacting with normal cells, thus avoiding side effects.

Sumio Lijima

Who discovered carbon nanotubes?

True

True or False

Transistor led to the creation of other media tool during electronic age.

Transistor Radio

became the most popular electronic communication and device in history during electronic age.

IBM

is the first mass produced computer with floating-point arithmetic hardware during electronic age.

Hewlett Packard 9100A

Is an early computer or programmable calculator during electronic age.

Floppy Disk

is a removal magnetic storage medium during electronic age.

Walkman

is originally used for portable audio cassette players during electronic age.

Primary Information Age

newspaper, radio, television.

Secondary Information Age

Internet, satellite television and mobile phones

Tertiary Information Age

emerged by media of the Primary Information Age interconnected with media
of the Secondary Information Age.