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Tennessee Valley Authority (locations
supplied electricity to Tennessee Valley: Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia
Social Security Act
old age pension fund for retired people 65+ and their survivors, Shared federal state unemployment insurance program, Committed national gov to social welfare activities, federal grants for elderly assistance, dependent children, and blind
Dust Bowl
huge drought caused by poor farming practices, results in many farmers leaving Midwest
Grapes of Wrath
Steinbeck novel on a family migrating to CA bc of Dust Bowl
What were FDR’s 3 major challenges?
Reviving economy
Relieving widespread human misery
Rescuing farm sector and its families
What is FDR’s three pronged strategy?
Remedy immediate banking crisis
Increase federal spending to promote industrial recovery
Paying farmers to reduce size of crops/herds to raise depressed commodity prices
What exacerbated the depression?
Taking money out of circulation
What happened during the bank holiday? What did people do with their money?
Pass the Emergency Banking Relief Act, keep their money in the banks
What did the Economy Act do?
Allowed executive branch to cut gov workers’ salaries/reduce veteran pensions/reorganize federal agencies all to cut expenses
What happened in the 100 days?
US became an organized nation confident of its economic and future control
What is the First New Deal?
Dealt with bank reforms
What did some farmers do?
Used violence to halt evictions
What did FDR do for farmers? (4)
Farm Credit Administration – reorganized all federal farm credit agencies in FCA
Emergency Farm Mortgage Act + Farm Credit Act – authorized financing of farm mortgages
Home Owners’ Loan Act – financed mortgage loans for homeowners
Federal Housing Administration – offered longer home mortgages
What is the FDIC? Banking Act?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation which guaranteed personal bank deposits, created the FDIC to reinstall confidence in banking system
What did the Federal Securities Act do?
Required full disclosure on stocks and bond issues at first
What did the Agricultural Adjustment Act do? (two things)
created Agricultural Adjustment Administration and paid for it by levying taxes on processors of basic commodities
What is the NIRA and what are the two major parts?
National Industrial Recovery Act, economic recovery and public-works projects
PWA?
Public Works Administration, gave money to public works developments
NRA? What are the 2 purposes
National Recovery Administration, implement industry wide codes to stabilize economy/decrease chaotic competition and provide jobs to increase consumer purchasing power
What made the dust storms worse?
Transition from subsistence farming to widespread commercial agriculture
What did dry farming lead to?
Increased scale/intensity of farming and indebtedness of farmers
What was it like for African Americans and Mexican Americans?
Roosevelts policies often discriminated against them (ex. New Deal), had devastating effects on them (FHA wouldn’t guarantee mortgages on houses purchased by blacks in white neighborhoods)
What is the Scottsboro Case? What were the girls actually doing?
All white jury convicts 9 black boys of rape of 2 white girls while on a train, sentences them to death, false accusations (one recants), retried with lawyers this time and all released eventually, catalyst for civil rights movement, prostitution
What did Powell V. Alabama do? What did Norris v. Alabama do?
Powell overturned the original Scottsboro conviction of the boys, then Norris ruled that the original ruling had been unjust because blacks were systematically excluded from the jury
Who is Huey Long? What was he like? What did he do for people? How did he achieve his goals? What was his plan for the people?
Senator, desired power/attention, gave tax favors/roads/schools/free textbooks/hospitals/better public services, bribery/intimidation/blackmail
What did he propose to do (3 things)?
Give all poor families $5k cash grant, every worker an annual $2.5k income, pensions to elderly, reduce working hours
What did Townsend promote?
Gov pensions for elderly, Townsend Recovery Plan ($200/month to all citizens 60+)
Who was the Radio Priest? What did he want?
Charles Coughlin, dismissed New Deal, wanted Populist scheme of coining silver to increase $$$ supply
Note 
Flashcard (50)