Quiz #6 - Enzymes & Photosynthetic Pigments

What are proteins that function as biological catalysts?

enzymes

What is the shape on the protein where the substrate binds?

active site

What is a substance that lowers the amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to proceed?

catalyst

What is the amount of product produced per unit of time?

enzyme efficiency

What is it when an enzyme only acts on one type of substance or substrate?

enzyme specificity

What is the biological catalyst present in the cytoplasm of plant and animal cells that speeds up the breakdown of substances?

catalase

What four factors affect enzyme activity?

• temperature

• pH

• specificity

• cofactor necessity

What is an instrument that measures the amount of light of a specified wavelength which passes through a medium?

spectrophotometer

What is the fraction of light that passes through the sample and reaches the detector of the spectrophotometer?

transmittance

What is the fraction of light absorbed by the sample?

absorbance

What is the study of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter?

spectroscopy

What is the distance from the crest of one electromagnetic wave to another

wavelength

What is the entire range of electromagnetic radiation?

electromagnetic spectrum

Where are pigments necessary for light-capturing reactions found?

thylakoid membranes

Where are the enzymes for the synthesis of carbohydrate molecules found?

stroma

What is used to determine the absorbance for a particular molecule/pigment at different wavelengths?

absorption spectrum

What states that energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength thus the longer the wavelength the less enegry that specific radiation contains?

wave theory of electromagnetic radiation

What proposes that absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration?

Beer’s law

What are the two products of photosynthesis?

carbohydrates and oxygen