female reproductive system

contents of the pelvis

* distal part of the intestine
* urinary tract
* internal genital organs

levator ani muscle aka pelvic diaphram

the boundary between the pelvic region and the perineum

superior part of the pelvis is also called

false pelvis

inferior part of the pelvis is also called the

true pelvis

perineum contents in male

* urogenital structures
* penis
* scrotum
* anus

perineum contents in women

* urogenital structures
* external genitalia (vulva)
* anus

pubic symphasis

fusion of the hip bones

internal genital organs in females

* ovaries
* unterine (fallopian tubes)
* the uterus (womb)
* the vagina

situated within the lesser pelvis\*\*\*

external genital organs in females

* labia major
* labia minor
* clit
* vestibule of the vagina
* mons pubis
* greater vestibular (bartholin gland)

round ligament supports

* ovaries
* fallopian tube
* uterus

another word for the round ligament

* broad ligament

the internal female genital organs are situated within the

lesser pelvis

DEEPEST POUCH WITHIN THE MESSENTARY/ ABDOMINAL CAVITY

* rectouterine/ douglas

deepest pouch in the male body

* rectovesical pouch

sight of production of eggs

ovaries

uterus function

* implantation of a fertilized egg
* development of the baby (womb)

where are eggs fertalized

fallopian tube

what brings the egg to the uterus from the fallopian tubes

celia

where do etopic pregnancies occur

fallopian tube

PASSIVE SUPPORT OF THE UTERUS

bladder

ACTIVE SUPPORT OF THE UTERUS

* round/broad ligament
* mesosalpinx
* mesopharpinx

what happens when the internal os is incompetent

* habitual abortion before the 3rd month
* surgical treatment is needed

innervation of the uterus

pelvic sphlanchnic nerves (S2-4)

what do pap smears check

* used to evaluate the cervical pathology using cells
* pbc
* ssc
* isc

MOST COMMON TUMORS IN WOMEN

leiomhyomas (fibroids) in the uterus

fibroids are more common in which population

* black women in comparison to white

estrogen sensitive smooth muscle tumors that in pregnancy they may enlarge and cause obstructive delivery.

fibroids (leiomyonomas)

DYNAMIC SUPPORT OF THE UTERUS

* levator ani muscle
* coccygeous muscle

**If the support of the uterus is lost (several birth, old age etc) uterus may drop lower or its portio part comes out of the vagina (prolapse).**

Retroverted uterine may be a cause of

  abortion and dyspareunia.

ampulla

site of fertilization but not implantation.

etopic pregnancy

if implantation occurs at places other than the anterior or posterior walls of the cavity of the uterus (body).

Salpingitis

inflammation (pelvic inflammatory disease, PID) and infection (gonorrhea and clamydial) of the Fallopian tubes, may lead to loss of the epithelium, this may interfere with fertilization which may lead to sterility.

Hysterosalpingography

Radiopaque material is injected into the uterus. One can check for the shape, and anomalies of the uterus and the patent tubes.

fallopian tubes are fixed by the

mesosalpinx

uterus is anchored by

* urinary bladder
* bladder

effacement

when the lip at the end of the cervix flattens

prolapse of the uterus

* portions of the uterus move through the cervix into the vagina

desquamation

period