Week 2.1: Sigmund Freud

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66 Terms

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March/May 6, 1856 at Freiberg, Moravia (part of Czech Republic)

Where and when was Sigmund Freud born?

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Jean-Martin Charcot

A famous French neurologist where Freud learned hypnotic technique from.

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When he received a traveling grant from University of Vienna and studied in Paris.

How did Freud meet Jean-Martin Charcot?

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hysteria

  • it is a disorder characterized by paralysis or the improper functioning of certain parts of the body

  • strictly a female disorder because it was cause by wandering womb - uterus is traveling around the woman’s body causing it to malfunction

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Greek word - hystera - uterus

Where does the word hysteria come from?

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hypnosis (hypnotherapy or hypnotic suggestion)

It is a trance-like state in which you have heightened focus and concentration

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Josef Breuer

A well-known Viennese physician where Freud learned catharsis froma

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catharsis

It is the process of removing hysterical symptoms through talking them out

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Bertha Pappenheim

She was diagnosed with hysteria which symptoms became severe after his father died of tuberculosis

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  • paralysis

  • involuntary eye movements

  • lethargy

  • language difficulties

  • hallucinations

What are the symptoms of Anna O or Bertha Pappenheim?

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Wilhelm Fliess

A Berlin physician who served as a sounding board for Freud’s newly developing ideas through exchange of letters

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drives - (instinct or impulse)

  • comes from the german word trieb - drive or stimulus within the person

  • operates as a constant motivational force

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sex and aggression

What are the two headings of drive which Freud also referred to as the cornerstones of psychoanalysis?

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sex (eros; life instinct)

  • powered by the energy libido

  • aim is pleasure but not limited to genital satisfaction

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aggression (thanatos or death instinct)

  • constituted after the WW1

  • powered by an unnamed energy due to the death of freud

  • considered as a destructive drive - aims to return the organism to inorganic state

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conscious

  • awareness at any given point in time, information is directly available to us

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preconscious

elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty

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unconscious

drives, urges, or instincts that are beyond our awareness but motivates most of our words, feelings, and actions

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censors

it is used to block the passage between the unconscious and preconscious to prevent undesirable anxiety-producing memories from entering awareness

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id or das es

  • starts at birth and is based on pleasure principle which uses wish fulfillment to satisfy its needs

  • only concerned with satisfying its personal desires

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ego or das ich

  • starts at the age of 2 - the toddler can understand the concept of right and wrong

  • based on reality principle

  • mediates between the if and the superego

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superego or uber ich

  • starts at 5 - child develops his conscience

  • moral principle

  • represents society’s values and parent’s standards

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conscience

this subsystem of superego filters the things we should not do

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ideal

this subsystem of superego filters the things we should do

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defense mechanism

these are used to deal with unwanted thoughts and desires that works unconsciously and also to protect us from the anxiety

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repression

it is known as the mother of all defense mechanisms because it is the most common whereas the threatening memories or feeling are forced back to the unconscious

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sublimation

it is a type of defense mechanism which substitute id impulses into a socially acceptable actions - converting negative behavior to positive

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displacement

a type of defense mechanism wherein negative impulses are transferred from original target to another person or object

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denial

a type of defense mechanism wherein the person state certain facts that do not exist

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reaction formation

a type of defense mechanism wherein a person conceal a motive by giving strong expression of the opposite

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projection

a type of defense mechanism wherein the attributing unconscious impulse to other people instead of oneself

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undoing

a type of defense mechanism wherein to make up for a bad act a person will do something good

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rationalization

a type of defense mechanism wherein a person makes excuses that is more socially acceptable

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sour grape : dislikes what really likes

sugar coating: like what really dislikes

what are the two types of rationalization and their definition?

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regression

a type of defense mechanism wherein a person turns to behavior in early phases of life (safe stage)

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oral receptive

a type of oral stage wherein the child received nourishment without frustration

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oral sadistic

a type of oral stage wherein a child doesnt always get what they wanted

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mouth (birth to 2 years old)

what is the erogenous zone of oral stage and age range?

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anal retentive

a type of anal stage wherein the child is properly toiled trained

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anal expulsive

a type of anal stage wherein the child is not properly toiled trained

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anus (2-3 years old)

what is the erogenous zone and age range of anal stage?

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  • over eating

  • excessive drinking

  • biting pencils and straws

  • putting objects in mouth

  • too much talking

what are the oral personalities?

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  • orderly, organized, and tidy

  • meticulous, perfectionist

  • stingy

what are the anal retentive characteristics?

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  • disorganized, messy

  • stubborn

  • generous

what are the anal expulsive characteristics?

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  • orderliness

  • stinginess

  • obstinacy

what are the anal triad characteristics?

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genital area (3-6 years old)

What are the erogenous zone and age range of phallic stage?

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  • sucking

  • biting

  • licking

what are the activities in oral stage?

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toilet training

what is the activity in anal stage

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sexual desire to opposite sex parent

  • male oedipus complex

  • female oedipus complex

what are the activities in phallic stage?

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  • confused or weak sexual identity

  • mother/father fixation: being attracted to a much older opposite sex

what are the characteristics of phallic stage?

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male oedipus complex

it is when the male child develops unconscious sexual desires for the mother and will identify the father as a rival

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female oedipus complex

it is when the female child develops hostility to her mother because she blames her for not having a penis

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socialization - meeting friends at school

what is the activity involved in latency stage?

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  • sexual intercourse (coitus)

  • sexual maturation (nocturnal emission, menarche)

what are the activities involved in genital stage?

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genital area (puberty onwards)

what is the erogenous zone and age range in genital stage?

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manifest content

It is what the dreamer sees or remember

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latent content

it is the unconscious representation of the dream

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repetition compulsion

it is the repetition of frightening dreams due to trauma

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condensation

the unconscious motives or dreams are disguised not as extensive as in latent content

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displacement

unconscious motives are replaced by symbols

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projective tests

A person is shown unclear images or objects and is asked to respond by telling a story, identifying what they see, or drawing something. Their responses reveal hidden thoughts or feelings from their unconscious mind.

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free association

a practice in psychoanalytic therapy wherein a therapist asks a person in therapy to freely share thoughts, words, and anything else that comes to mind

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transference

a strong sexual or aggressive feelings, positive or negative, the client develops towards the analyst; usually came from their parents.

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counter transference

occurs when a therapist transfers emotions to a person in therapy, is often a reaction to transference

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Freudian Slips (Parapraxes)

Commonly called slips of the tongue, pen, misreading, incorrect hearing, misplacing objects are not chance accidents but reveal a person’s unconscious intentions.