Medical Technology Laws and Ethics and Laboratory Management

Flashcards covering the hierarchy of laws, specific Republic Acts (RA) and Presidential Decrees (PD) related to Medical Technology, Board exam requirements, ethics, and laboratory management principles of laboratory management.

Legislative Branch

The branch of government that makes the law, represented by Congress (Senate and House of Representatives).

Executive Branch

The branch of government that carries out the law, represented by the Office of the President.

Judicial Branch

The branch of government that evaluates the law, represented by the Supreme Court.

RA 5527

The Philippine Medical Technology Act of $1969$, approved on $June\,21,\,1969$.

RA 1517

The Blood Banking Law of $1956$, approved on $June\,16,\,1956$.

RA 4688

The Clinical Laboratory Act of $1966$, approved on $June\,18,\,1966$.

RA 9165

The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of $2002$, approved on $June\,7,\,2002$.

RA 8981

The PRC Modernization Act of $2000$, approved on $December\,05,\,2000$.

PD 223

The presidential decree approved on $June\,22,\,1973$, that created the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC).

RA 7722

The Higher Education Act of $1994$, approved on $May\,18,\,1994$, which created the Commission on Higher Education (CHED).

Technical Panels

Groups that assist CHED in setting program standards and in program and institution monitoring and evaluation.

Technical Committees

Groups that assist the Technical Panels and CHED in conceptualizing policies, standards, and guidelines for higher education programs.

CMO 13 s. 2017

Policies, Standards and Guidelines for the Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology/Medical Laboratory Science program, requiring a $12$-month internship during the fourth-year level.

Practice of Medical Technology

Professional services rendered for a fee, salary, or reward to aid physicians in the diagnosis, study, and treatment of diseases and in the promotion of health.

Medical Technologist

A person who engages in the work of medical technology under the supervision of a pathologist or a licensed physician authorized by the Department of Health.

Medical Laboratory Technician

A person certified and registered with the Board as qualified to assist a medical technologist and/or qualified pathologist.

Council of Medical Technology Education

Established under RA 5527 to recommend the minimum required curriculum and determine the number of students allowed in each school.

Professional Regulatory Board of Medical Technology

Composed of a Chairman who is a Pathologist and two members who are Registered Medical Technologists.

Board Member Qualifications (RA 5527)

Must be a Filipino citizen of good moral character, a Pathologist or RMT, in practice for at least $10\,years$, and not a faculty member of an MT school for at least $2\,years$.

Salary Grade 15

The minimum base pay upon entry for registered medical technologists in government service as proposed in various $20th\,Congress$ bills.

Subpoena duces tecum

A legal command to secure the production of documents in connection with charges presented to the Board.

Section 12 of RA 5527

Specifies the grounds for removal of Board members: malpractice, incompetency, neglect of duty, dishonorable conduct, and unprofessional/unethical/immoral conduct.

Refresher Course

A requirement for applicants who have failed the Board Examination for the third time, with a certificate of completion valid for $2\,years$.

MTLE Passing Rating

A general average of at least $75\%$ with no rating below $50\%$ in any major subjects.

Revocation of Certificate

Requires the unanimous vote of all three members of the Board.

Suspension of Certificate

Requires a majority vote of the Board and shall not exceed $2\,years$.

RA 10912

The Continuing Professional Development Act of $2016$.

CPD Requirement for RMTs

Registered Medical Technologists are required to complete $15$ credit units starting in $2024$-$[$2025$] for PIC renewal.

Clinical Pathology

A classification of clinical laboratory by function that deals with chemical and cellular analyses of blood and other body fluids.

Anatomic Pathology

A classification of clinical lab function providing processing and examination of surgical specimens, including cytology and histopathology.

Mobile Clinical Laboratory

A laboratory testing unit capable of performing limited clinical diagnostic procedures, moving from one testing site to another.

National Reference Laboratory (NRL)

The highest level of laboratory in the country performing highly complex procedures and providing confirmatory testing and EQAP.

rRT-PCR Laboratory Personnel

Includes $1$ Pathologist, $3$ Analysts (RMTs or allied health), $1$ Lab aide, $1$ Receptionist, and $1$ Encoder.

Walking Blood Donor

An individual in the list of qualified voluntary blood donors ready to donate blood when needed in his or her community.

RA 9288

The Newborn Screening Act of $2004$, requiring screening between $24$ and $48\,hours$ of life.

RA 7170

The Organ Donation Act of $1991$.

Chain of Custody

Procedures to account for each specimen by tracking its handling and storage from point of collection to final disposal.

RA 11166

The Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act of $2018$, which repealed the act of $1998$.

Autonomy

The ethical principle of respecting decisions made by those capable of making them, including informed consent.

Beneficence

The ethical principle of doing good or providing benefit.

Non-maleficence

The ethical principle of avoiding doing harm or minimizing harm if it is unavoidable.

Justice

The ethical principle of ensuring fairness and equity in the distribution of risks and benefits.

Negligence

The failure to exercise the level of care that a person of ordinary intelligence and good sense would exercise.

Autocratic Leader

A self-centered leader who makes decisions without consultation with subordinates.

Democratic Leader

A people-centered leader where employees take part in decision-making.

Theory X

McGregor's theory assuming employees dislike work, are lazy, and must be coerced or controlled.

Theory Y

McGregor's theory assuming employees view work as natural, are creative, and seek responsibility.

SWOT Analysis

A planning tool evaluating internal Factors (Strengths, Weaknesses) and external factors (Opportunities, Threats).

Quality Assurance

A comprehensive set of policies, procedures, and practices followed to ensure laboratory results are reliable.

Six Sigma

A statistics-based management approach applied to reduce test errors or the number of Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMOs).

Pareto Chart

A bar graph quality tool used to identify the most significant factors or the 'vital few' problems.

Ishikawa Diagram

Also known as a Cause-and-Effect or fishbone diagram used for root cause analysis.

Scatter Diagram

A quality tool used for correlation studies between two variables.

Class II BSC

The most commonly used Biological Safety Cabinet in microbiology, also called vertical laminar flow BSCs, using HEPA filters.

RACE

Acronym for fire discovery: Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish/Evacuate.

PASS

Acronym for fire extinguisher operation: Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.

DOH Yellow Waste Container

Color-coded container for infectious and pathological waste.

DOH Red Waste Container

Color-coded container for sharps and pressurized containers.