Cerebellum (Exam II and Quiz)

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Muscle tone, posture, smooth and effective skilled movement

How is the cerebellum attached to the MO?

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

How is the cerebellum attached to the pons?

Middle cerebellar peduncle

How is the cerebellum attached to the midbrain?

Superior cerebellar peduncle

What type of fibers dominate in the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

Afferent

What type of fibers are in the middle cerebellar peduncle?

Only afferent

What type of fibers dominate in the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Efferents

Where do medulloblastomas arise?

Superior medullary velum and posterior part of cerebellar vermis

What is a synonym for the vestibulocerebellum division?

Archicerebellum

What lobe is included in the vestibulocerebellum division?

Flocculonodular

Where does the vestibulocerebellum division receive input from?

Vestibular nucleus

What function does the vestibulocerebellum division serve?

Posture, equilibrium, balance

What is a synonym for the spinocerebellum division?

Paleocerebellum

What lobes are included in the spinocerebellum division?

Anterior, vermis, medial posterior

Where does the spinocerebellum division receive input from?

Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar

What function does the spinocerebellum division serve?

Muscle tone, trunk and limb movements

What is a synonym for the cerebrocerebellum division?

Neocerebellum

What lobes are included in the cerebrocerebellum division?

Lateral posterior

Where does the cerebrocerebellum division receive input from?

Corticopontocerebellar

What function does the cerebrocerebellum division serve?

Planning and coordination of skilled movement

What is the white matter collectively called in the cerebellum?

Corpus medullare

What is the white matter of the cerebellum primarily made up of?

Afferent, efferent, commissural, and association fibers

What are the extension of white matter toward the cortex called?

Arbor vitae

What does the cerebellum have instead of gyri?

Folia

Which neurotransmitter is released from purkinje axons? Is it inhibitory or excitatory?

GABA; inhibitory

Which neurotransmitter is released from the granular neurons? Is it inhibitory or excitatory?

Glutamate; excitatory

Which types of fibers reach the cerebellar cortex?

Mossy and climbing

Where do the granular axons synapse?

Spined dendritic branches of purkinje cells

How do mossy fibers reach their target?

With help of granule cells

Where do the climbing fibers synapse?

Smooth dendritic branches of purkinje cells

What are the deep nuclei from most lateral to most medial?

Dentate, emboliform, globose, fastigial

What can the emboliform and globose nuclei be called collectively?

Interposed

Where do purkinje axons of the vestibulocerebellum go?

Vestibular nucleus

Where do the purkinje axons of the spinocerebellum go?

Interposed and fastigial nucleus

Where do the purkinje axons of the cerebrocerebellum go?

Dentate nucleus

Where do axons of the fastigial nucleus terminate?

Vestibular nucleus, reticular formation, and nuclei for CN III, IV, and VI

Where do axons of the interposed nucelus go?

Red nucleus and reticular formation

Where do the axons of the dentate nucleus go?

Thalamus and red nucleus

Are cerebellar disorders contralateral or ipsilateral?

Ipsilateral

What happens in flocculonodular syndrome?

Patient has to fight falling backward

What is damaged if a person suffers from Ataxia?

Neocerebellum

What can an intention tremor be a sign of?

Damage to neocerebellum

Nystagmus is caused by the cerebellum's influence of which CN?

III, IV, VI

Purkinje axons release _______________, which is ______________

GABA; inhibitory

Climbing fibers release _____________, which is _____________

Aspartate; excitatory

Cells in the granular layer release ____________, which is _____________

Glutamate; excitatory

Which neurotransmitter impacts purkinje's in an excitatory fashion the most?

Aspartate

Where do mossy fibers originate?

Outside of the cerebellum

Where do climbing fibers originate?

Inferior olivary nucleus

Through which peduncle does most info exit the cerebellum?

Superior cerebellar peduncle

How many dendrites are there per purkinje?

150000

There are only ____ of each lobe, but they are located in three places: __________, __________, and _________

1; right hemisphere; left hemisphere; vermis

Are the floccular lobes connected?

Yes, by white matter