Patho red flag numbers

RBC normal levels (hemoglobin)

male= 14-18

female= 12-16

medical manifestations for RBC (Hemoglobin)

low= anemia

high= erythrocytosis

transfuse= <7-8

risk of ischemia/CHR/death= <5

*can tolerate exercise if not hypotensive

RBC (hematocrit) normal

male= 45-52%

female= 37-47%

How much is RBCs are relative to BV

medical manifestations for RBC (Hematocrit)

low= anemia still

high= polycythemia

WBC normal levels

normal 5000-10,000/L

Medical manifestation for WBC

Leukopenia is less than 4,000

CL <2500

Leukocytosis is greater than 11,000

platelet normal levels

Normal is 150,000 to 400,000 per microliter of blood

medical manifestation of platelet

Thrombocytosis is a count in excess of 400,000

Thrombocytopenia is diagnosed with a count less than 50,000

low= no clotting

high= extreme clotting

PANIC VALUES FOR BLOOD (Hgb + Hct+WBC)

Hgb, <7 g/dL; Hct < 25%:

no out of bed (OOB) mobility is symptomatic, monitor/ensure hemodynamic stability

Aka check vitals, pulse, O2

ANC (WBC x %neutrophils) < 1,000- NEUTROPENIC PRECAUTIONS

PANIC VALUES FOR BLOOD (platelets)

no absolute cutoff, but we want to be cautious

> 450,000: be vigilant for signs of VTE (venous thromboembolism)

< 20,000: symptom-based approach to avoiding passive exercise, resistance exercise, and OOB due to hemorrhage risk

normal Na

Na+ 136-145 mmol/L

Normal K

K+ 3.5-5.0 mmol/L

Normal Ca++

9.0-10.5 mg/dL

Normal Cl-

Cl- 98-106 mmol/L

Normal Glu

Glu 74-106 mg/dL

Normal CO2

22-29 mmol/L

Normal BUN

BUN 6-25 mg/dL

Normal Cr

Females 0.5-1.1 mg/dL

Males 0.6-1.2 mg/dL

Liver functional tests

Bilirubin= 0.3 to 1.0 mg/dl

*Albumin= 3.5 to 5.5 g/dL

*Total Protein= 6 to 8.5 g/dL

normal magnesium

1.3-2.1 mg/dL

normal phosphate

3.0-4.5 mg/dL

Sodium /\ and \/

Hypernatrenia

Dehydration

Excess saline administration

Impaired renal function

hyponetremia

Overhydration

Sodium loss (vomitting, diahrrhea, sweat, GI suction)

potassium /\ and \/

Hyperkalemia

Renal failure

Metabolic acidosis

Hypokalemia

Diuretics

Metabolic alkalosis

bicarbonate

Issue with bloodgasses

calcium manefestations

Hypercalcemia

Hyperparathyroidism

diuretics

Hypocalcemia

Hypoparathyroidism

Renal disease

phosphate manefestation

hyperphosphatemia

hypoparathyroidism, renal failure

hypophosphatemia

hyperparathyroidism, Diruesis

BUN manifestation

High: Renal disease, kidney disease

creatinine clearances manefestations

High: Renal disease, kidney disease

Low: low muscle mass

Big symptomatic things to know (Na)

!!!Na+ > 160: be alert for seizure activity, <120 seizure or orthostasis

Orthostatic hypertension: when you change position, bp drops dramatically

Big symptomatic things to know (K+)

!!!!!K+ < 2.5 or >6.5: defer activity until clarified by physician; monitor

ECG for changes in rhythm

Big symptomatic things to know (Glucose)

< 50 or >400 mg/dL: No PT

Wait to see if creative measures are instituted

Big symptomatic things to know (Mg)

< 0.5 mg/dL IF patient is at risk, or has a history of, ventricular arrhythmias