BNPR501 Exam
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111 Terms
Who was the pioneer of modern Nursing?
Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1910)
Sibylla Maude (Nurse Maude)
Founder of district nursing in NZ
Grace Neill
Instrumental in the development of nursing training in NZ
Hester Maclean
Largely responsible for drafting the Nurses and Midwives Registration Act 1925 and was Matron-in-Chief of the New Zealand Army Nursing Service during the First World War
Aheneki Hei
First Maori nurse in NZ
Irihapeti Ramsden
Developed cultural safety in 1992
A legal requirement in New Zealand is that every nurse works within a scope of practice. The three scopes of practice are:
Nurse Practitioner (NP), Registered Nurse (RN), Enrolled Nurse (EN)
Nursing education history
Originally hospital based, learn on the job training
1971 – Carpenter Report – advocated for nursing education to take place in an educational institution rather than hospital
Initially diploma in 1973
Moved to a degree in 1993
What does the NCNZ issue to nurses so they can continue to practice?
Annual practicing certificate
Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ)
Registration body that governs the practice of nurses in New Zealand
Domain 1 Competencies
Professional Responsibility
Domain 2 Competencies
Management of nursing care
Domain 3 Competencies
Interpersonal Relationships
Domain 4 Competencies
Interprofessional Healthcare and Quality Improvement
Professional Responsibility
This relates to professional, legal and ethical responsibilities and cultural safety. Including being able to demonstrate knowledge and judgement and being accountable for own actions and decisions, while promoting an environment that maximises health consumer safety, independence, quality of life and health.
Management of nursing care
This relates to assessment and managing health consumer care, which is responsive to the consumers’ needs, and which is supported by nursing knowledge and evidence-based research.
Interpersonal Relationships
This relates to interpersonal and therapeutic communication with health consumers, other nursing staff and interprofessional communication and documentation.
Interprofessional Healthcare and Quality Improvement
This relates to demonstrating that, as a member of the health care team, the nurse evaluates the effectiveness of care and promotes a nursing perspective within the interprofessional activities of the team.
NCNZ produces…
The Code of Conduct
Competencies
Guidelines: Professional Boundaries
Guidelines for Cultural safety
Guidelines - Social Media
Guidelines: Direction and Delegation
Legislation (Acts)
a formal description of a law passed in NZ and it is intended to spell out the duties for group that follows it eg. HPCA (2003), HDCA (1994), PA (2020)
Legislation (Codes)
a guide on how to achieve the legal standards required in the Act
Purpose of Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act HPCAA (2003)
The purpose is to protect the health and safety of members of the public by providing mechanisms to ensure that health practitioners are competent and fit to practise their professions.
Purpose of Health and Disability Commissioners Act HDCA (1994)
The purpose is to promote and protect the rights of health and disability service consumers, and facilitate the fair, simple, speedy, and efficient resolution of complaints.
Purpose of Privacy Act PA (2020)
The purpose is to provide a framework to promote and protect individual privacy
What year were men permitted to register as nurses in NZ?
1939
How many principles are in the NZNO Code of Ethics (2019)?
7 Māori & 9 western ethical principles/values
Rangatiratanga
Self-determination
Manaakitanga
Kindness/respect and hospitality
Tika
Justice/fairness
Whanaungatanga
Establishing relationships
Wairuatanga
Spiritual existence
Kotahitanga
Unity
Kaitiakitanga
Guardianship
Autonomy
Self-determination
Beneficence
Doing good
Non-maleficence
First do no harm
Justice
Fairness
Confidentiality
Privacy
Veracity
Truthfulness
Fidelity
Faithfulness
Guardianship of the environment and its resources
responsibility to respect and protect the environment and its resources
Being professional
belief that nursing is a profession with a defined purpose
Ethical issues faced by RNs?
Which call bell to answer first?
Patients who refuse medications/treatments
Facilitating independence vs safety
Choosing treatment options e.g pain relief
What is morality?
it refers to the personal values, character and conduct of individuals or groups within society
What is Ethics?
refers to the various ways people thing about, understand and examine how best to a live a moral life
NZNO (New Zealand Nurses Organisation)
a nursing union in new zealand that provide professional support and leadership for nurses
How many principles are in the Code of Conduct?
8
How many rules in the Health Information Privacy Code 2020?
13
What is primary healthcare?
Primary healthcare is provided in the community often by a GP or a practice nurse
What is secondary healthcare?
Secondary healthcare is found within the hospital system - public or private
What is Tertiary healthcare?
Tertiary healthcare is highly specialised medical care usually over an extended period that involves advanced and complex procedures and treatments performed by medical specialists.
What are some priorities of the current health target?
COVID-19 response
Health and disability reforms
Improving child wellbeing
Improving mental health
Improving well-being through preventative measures
Creating a strong and equitable public health system
Providing better primary health care
Ensuring a financially sustainable health system
What is the Māori Health Strategy?
He Korowai Oranga
What is the purpose of He Korowai Oranga?
Provide guidance and direction for Māori health development. The overall aim strategy is Pae Ora - healthy futures for Māori
The New Zealand Healthcare System is overseen by who?
The Ministry of Health
What is the Ministry of Health (MoH) responsibilities?
Improving, promoting and protecting the health of all New Zealanders according to the New Zealand Primary Health strategy
How many rights are in the HDC Code of Rights 1996?
10
Who are these rights from the HDC Code of Rights 1996 for?
Everyone using a health or disability service has the protection of the Code of Rights.
How many rights are there in the Code of Health and Disability Services Consumers' Rights (HDC) (Code of Rights)?
10
The right to be treated with respect
The right to freedom from discrimination, coercion, harassment, and exploitation
The right to dignity and independence
The right to services of an appropriate standard
The right to effective communication
The right to be fully informed
The right to make an informed choice & give informed consent
The right to support
Rights in respect of teaching or research
The right to complain
When documenting, information held about a health consumer is to be:
Up to date
Accurate
Complete
Relevant
Not misleading
Health consumer's information can only be shared in what circumstances?
- Health consumer agrees to it
- Health consumer cannot make decisions for themselves
- They are sectioned under the Mental Health Act
How many rules are in the Health Information Privacy Code 2020?
13
What are the 13 rules in the Health Information Privacy Code (2020)?
Purpose of collection of health information
Source of health information
Collection of health information from individual
Manner of collection of health information
Storage and security of health information
Access to personal health information
Correction of health information
Accuracy etc of health information to be checked before use or disclosure
Retention of health information
Limits on use of health information
Limits on disclosure of health information
Disclosure of health information outside NZ
Unique identifiers
What signs an over-involvement in nurse-health consumer relationship?
Close relationship
The time limit for a nurse and former health consumer to commence an intimate relationship is:
There is no time limit
In a nurse health consumer relationship there is potential for?
A power imbalance
What are signs of Under involvement?
Disinterested and Neglectful
What is the zone of helpfulness?
Therapeutic relationship
What are the 6 ‘P's of social media use?
Professional
Positive
Patient/Person-free
Protect yourself
Privacy
Pause before you post
What is the original document that the NCNZ social media guidelines come from?
The Code of Conduct (NCNZ) 2012
What is the active process of guiding the nursing practice of another called?
Direction
Being answerable for nursing decisions and care is called what?
Accountability
Making sense of experiences and learning from these is called what?
Reflection
What is the transfer of nursing responsibility from an RN to an EN called?
Delegation
What are the five rights of delegation?
Right activity
Right circumstances
Right person
Right communication
Right direction
Feedback
Is important and helps shape our practice
What are benefits of reflection in nursing?
helps nurses manage the impact on themselves of caring for others daily, helps improve clinical skill and communication
What does SOAP (a common documentation framework) stand for?
Subjective data
Objective data
assessment
plan
What does ISBAR (verbal communication framework) stand for?
Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
Why do we need nursing research?
To inform our practice = evidence-based practice
Evaluate the impact of different interventions
To provide insights into our practice
Provide solutions to challenges
Deepen our understanding of concepts central to care
Develop theories that guide nursing actions
Develop new and improved ways of caring
Informed decision making
How does nursing research help us?
informs our clinical practice, tests commonly held knowledge or assumptions, widens understanding of a subject, develops best practice, stimulates self-action/study, explains behaviours and allows predictions, assists in developing nursing knowledge
Components of research article
Abstract, Introduction, Literature review, Method, Results, Discussion, limitation, Reference
What is the Cartwright injury?
A report into allegations concerning the treatment of women with Cervical Cancer at National Women's Hospital.
Which injury in 1987/1988 exposed the lack of legislation to protect patients rights?
Cartwright injury
The four key values underpinning the professional conduct of nurses are:
TRIP: Respect, Trust, Partnership, Integrity
The NCNZ Code of Conduct contains how many principles?
8
Purpose of the Code of Conduct
It is a practical document that describes the conduct expected of nurses. Advises both nurses and tells the public what they can expect of a nurse in terms of the professional role.
What is a current 2017/2018 health target?
Bowel cancer screening or Increased immunisation
What is the vision of the New Zealand Health Strategy 2015?
Live well, Stay well, Get well
What year were men permitted to register as nurses in NZ?
1939
What are the three principles of the NZ Disability Strategy (2016-2026)?
1. Te Tiriti o Waitangi
2. Ensuring disabled people are involved in decision-making that impacts them
3. The convention on the rights of persons with disabilities
What is the New Zealand 2016 Strategy?
The New Zealand Disability Strategy (the Strategy) will guide the work of government agencies on disability issues from 2016 to 2026.
What are the impacts of colonisation on healthcare?
Maori hospitalised or die from preventable disease that the europeans arrived with
Maori experience discriminatory behaviours from health practitioners
Inductive reasoning, Small sample size, Focus on human experience, result is not generalisable
Qualitative
Deductive reasoning, scientific, focus on large sample size and measure variables
Quantitative
Quantitative research
studies the phenomena in a controlled setting
Qualitative research
Studies the phenomena in its natural setting
Quantitative research
Controlled
Qualitative research
Natural
Quantative data
Quantity (number/amount)