EASTERN PHILOSOPHY

Wisdom Literature

stories, sayings, and text encourage people to adopt an ethical and harmonious way of life.

theistic and nontheistic

Eastern Philosophy are classified according to ________ and __________philosophies.

2000 BCE(ISRAEL, THE LEVANT)

Where and When (Judaism)

Judaism

-Monotheism

-God's commandments will result in rewards

-Understanding of God's laws as revealed in the sacred scriptures will lead to wisdom.

YHWH, Jesus

According to Judaism, their god is_____. And the god chosen people is _____

Abraham, Moses, Isaac

Tanakh, Torah

PROPONENTS, MAJOR TEXTS of Judaism

Nevi'im(prophets)

Ketuvim(the third division of the hebrew bible0

Torah is within Tanakh's TNK. What are the N and K?

Torah(old testament for a non jew)

is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible

Genesis (Bereishit - "In the Beginning")

Exodus (Shemot - "Names")

Leviticus (Vayikra - "And God Called")

Numbers (Bamidbar - "In the Wilderness")

Deuteronomy (Devarim - "Words")

Five books of the hebrew bible

1500 BCE(India)

Where and when(Hinduism)

Hinduism

- One of the oldest religions in the world

- a polytheistic religion

Belief in a pantheon of gods (Brahma, Shiva, and Vishnu)

Samsara(the cycle of life and death)

Moksha(The liberation from samsara)

Dharma(Right actions/Fullfilments of ones duty)

Karma(consequences, one action in this life affects the future)

Core Beliefs of Hinduism

Atman, Braman

Ultimate unity in Hinduism encompasses non-essential unity of the soul with the Supreme Lord, transcends dualities to reveal divine oneness, and perceives the universe as an undivided singular entity beyond temporal distinctions

what are this two?

Atman

Individual Soul

Brahmin(Priests)

Kshatriya(Warriors and Nobles)

Vaishya(Commoners)

Shudra(Slaves)

Hinduism heirchy

The Vedas

Proponents of Hinduism

Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, and Atharva Veda

What are the 4 vedas hymns?

600 BCE(JAPAN)

Where and When? Shintoism

Temizaya

Fountain of Purification

600-500 BCE(India)

Where and When (Jainism)

Jainism

Rejects the idea of creator and has FIVE MAIN VOWS

Ahimsa

Satya

Asteya

Brahmacharya

Aparigraha

1. Moksha

2. karma

3. Ahimsa

Core beliefs of Jainism

Ahimsa

is the ancient Indian principle of nonviolence which applies to actions towards all living beings(central principle of Janaism)

Ahimsa

One of the five vows meaning do not engage in violence

Satya

One of the five vows meaning Speak truthfully

Asteya

One of the five vows meaning Do not take others that is not willingly given to you

Brahmacharya

One of the five vows meaning No sexual act even just a thought

Aparigraha

One of the five vows meaning non-attachment

Mahavira(TAO ito)

Jain Agamas(Sacred texts)

-Teachings of the enlightened beings

Proponents of Jainism

South, East, and South East Asia(400BCE)

Where and when(Buddhism)

BUDDHISM

its main features and beliefs are: Shares a number of main beliefs with Hinduism

THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS

Dukkha, Samudaya, Nirodha, Magga

Divided into major branches: Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism

Dukkha(the truth of suffering)

Samudaya(the truth of the origin of suffering)

Nirdoha(the end of suffering)

Magga(The path to the cessation of suffering)

What are the four noble truths according to Buddhism

Dukkha

the truth of suffering

Samudaya

the truth of the origin of suffering

Nirdoha

the end of suffering

Magga

The path to the cessation of suffering

(1) right understanding (sammādiṭṭhi) (2) right thought (sammāsaṅka-ppa), (3) right speech (sammāvāca), (4) right action (sammākammanta), (5) right livelihood (sammāājīva), (6) right effort (samāvāyama), (7) right mindfulness (sammāsati), and (8) right concentration (sammāsamādhi)".

What are the 8 fold path of Magga?

Siddharta Gautama (Buddha)(the enlightened one)

Tripitaka(three baskets)

Proponents of Buddhism

Tripitaka

it is also known as The Three baskets

1. Vinaya Pitaka (Discipline Basket) 2. Sutta Pitaka (Discourse Basket) 3. Abhidhamma Pitaka (Higher Doctrine Basket)

What are the three baskets

400 BCE (EAST ASIA)

When and Where CONFUCIANISM

CONFUCIANISM

its MAIN FEATURES, BELIEFS are The contemplation of order of things can lead to self-transformation. Self transformation can lead to the betterment of the family and society.

Human relationships are based on mutual obligations.

Confucius(Kung Fu Tze)

The Five Classics

Proponents and major texts of Confucianism

Classics of change(nature of reality)

classics of poetry(poems)

Classics of History(Historical source)

Classics of Rites(right conduct)

Spring and Autumn Annals(chronicle of events)

What are The Five Classics

200 BCE (EAST ASIA)

Where and When (Taoism)

Taoism

According to its main features or belief, we must live with accordance with nature.

Dao/Tao

it means the "force" in taoism

Wu wei Principle(Taking a passive principle)

Yin Yang(There must be opposing element)(harmony and balance)

Tao Te ching(describes the tao as the source of ideal existence)

3 Core beliefs of Taoism

Lao Tzu

Ching, Tao Te Ching, and Zhuangzi

Proponents and major texts of Taoism

610 CE (WEST ASIA)

When and where(ISLAM)

ISLAM

Belief in one God (Allah); commitment to faith is shown through the practice of The Five Pillars: Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj

Religion and society are closely intertwined; all Muslims are members of a community (ummah) bounded by faith.

Divided into two major branches: Sunni Islam and Shia Islam

Five Pillars of Islam

- Shahadah: The declaration of faith, professing that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.

- Salah: The performance of the five daily prayers.

-Zakat: The giving of alms or charity to the poor and needy.

-Sawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadan.

-Hajj: The pilgrimage to Mecca, which is required at least once in a lifetime for those who are able.

Muhammad

Quran

Proponents and major texts of Islam

1440 CE (INDIA)

Where and When(Sikhism)

Sikhism(Monotheistic Religion)

God is believed to have created the universe and is present everywhere and in everything.

Man communicate with God through meditation, and his ultimate destiny is union with the Divine.

Apart from meditation, believers must devote themselves to selfless service and attitude.

Waheguru(god is everywhere)

Who is the formless god of Sikhism

Kesh(Uncut hair = acceptance of the will of god)

Kanga(wooden comb = Cleanliness Discipline)

Kachera(cotton undergarments = Modesty)

Kirpan(sword = protection of the oppressed)

Kara(Steal bracelet = Unity with the divine)

5 articles of faith according to Sikhism

Guru Nanak

Guru Granth Sahib

Proponents and major texts

Eastern Philosophy

closely tied with religious beliefs and often described as "wisdom" literature.

Samsara

the cycle of life and death

Moksha

The liberation from samsara

Karma

consequences. one action in this life affects the future

Dharma

Right actions/Fullfilments of ones duty

Braman

Universal Soul

SHINTOISM (JAPAN)

An animistic religion influenced by Japanese myth and traditions.

Mankind and the world are essentially good and pure.

Harmony and balance

Kami

means gods, spirits and ancestors in shintoism

Shintoism

Purity is significant in this school of thought

Torii gate

Its a gate in japan

Kojiki - the oldest text that documented Japanese myths.

Proponents of Shintoism

Still learning (69)

You've begun learning these terms. Keep up the good work!