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What are some factors that can lead to the fecal contamination of drinking water?
A). Old sewer systems
B). Poor sanitation
C). None of the above
D). All of the above
all of the above
What is the genus of E. coli?
A). Escherichia
B). Cynopterus
C). Klebsiella
D). Dasyatis
escherichia
What are some ways antibiotic resistance genes from E. coli can be transferred from animals to humans?
A). Direct contact
B). Contact with animal excretions
C). Food chain
D). All of the above
all of the above
What is the shape of the K. pneumoniae bacteria?
A). Cocci
B). Rod
C). Spiral
rod
What host can hypervirulent K. pneumoniae infect that other strains can’t?
immunocompetent
How can humans get K. pneumoniae from animals?
A).Urine runoff from infected animals
B). Contaminated food
C). Dogs and Cats
D). None of the above
E). All the above
all of the above
What type of diseases can Acinetobacter baumanni cause?
pneumonia, meningitis, UTI
Acinetobacter baylyi is very prevalent in clinical settings, true or false.
False
Describes what is means to be aerobic.
needing oxygen as electron receptor
Which molecular technique is commonly used to investigate the phylogenic relationships within S. aureus?
A) Gram staining
B) Catalase testing
C) Whole genome sequencing
D) Coagulase testing
whole genome sequencing
S. epidermis is a dominant member of the:
A) Human gut microbiome
B) Human respiratory microbiome
C) Human oral microbiome
D) Human skin microbiome
human skin microbiome
What does MRSA stand for?
Methicillin resistant S. Aureus
Which of the following is NOT a symptom for shunt infections caused by S. epidermidis?
a. Confusion
b. Headache
c. Heart arrhythmia
d. Fever
C
True/False: The S. aureus bacteria is coagulase positive.
True
Which species is more likely to form a strong biofilm on a knee replacement?
• S. aureus
• S. epidermidis
S. epidermidis
True or False: Enterococcus faecium
and Enterococcus raffinosus both
belong to the order Lactobacillales.
True
True or False: Enterococcus raffinosus
is more commonly found in human
gastrointestinal tracts compared to
Enterococcus faecium, which is rarely
present in the gut microbiota.
False, Enterococcus faecium is more commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract compared to Enterococcus raffinosus.
True or False: Both Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus raffinosus are capable of causing opportunistic infections, including urinary tract infections and endocarditis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
True, Both Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus raffinosus are capable of causing opportunistic infections, including urinary tract infections and endocarditis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
True or False: E. faecium is known for
its significant antibiotic resistance,
particularly to vancomycin, whereas E.
raffinosus rarely exhibits multidrug
resistance.
True. Enterococcus faecium is well-known for its significant antibiotic resistance, because of vancomycin (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus or VRE), and it is often associated with multidrug resistance. In contrast, Enterococcus raffinosus generally exhibits less antibiotic resistance and is less frequently associated with multidrug-resistant strains.