Bio-Cells unit 1/2

Cell Membrane

controls which substances enter and leave the cell it is selectively permeable

Nucleus

Contains genetic material for the cells and controls cell activity

Cloroplasts

Contains clorophyll and they are the site of photosynthesis

Ribsomes

The siste of protien sythesis

Mitochondria

site of areobic resperation in cells

Cytoplasm

site of chemical reactions

Plasmids

hold some of the genetic material (DNA) in bacterial cells

Cell Wall

The structure which supports an prevents the cell from bursting

Vacuole

A membrane bound sac containing cell sap in plant and fungal cells

Cellulose

Th structural carbohydrate of which plant cells are composed

Bacterial Cells

Type of cell which contains Plasmid, chromosome, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Cell wall, Ribosomes

Bacterial cells are smaller than animal and plant cells

Its DNA is NOT contained in a nucleus

Instead in contains a single circular chromosome

in addition to this there are other smaller rings of DNA called Plasmids

Fungal Cells

Fungal Cells have:

Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Wall Cell Membrane Ribosomes Mitochondria Vacuole

Animal Cells

Animial Cells have:

Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Mitochondria Ribosomes Nucleus

what does a plant cell have in it

A plant cell contains the following key components:

• Cell Wall: Provides structure and protection.

• Cell Membrane: Regulates entry and exit of substances.

• Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis, containing chlorophyll.

• Vacuole: Large central vacuole for storage and maintaining turgor pressure.

• Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance where cellular processes occur.

• Nucleus: Contains genetic material and controls cell activities.

• Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, producing energy.

These components work together to support the plant's life processes.

Phosolipids

two layers of lipid molecules which can have protein cells embedded

Protiens

Structures that help make up the cell membrane and are embedded in the phospholipid layer

Selectively permeable

Refers to membranes that control the movement of molecules depending on their size

Passive Transport

the movement of molecules without need for additional energy

Diffusion

the passive movement of molecules from a high area of concentration to a low one

Osmosis

the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Burst

when an animal cell gains water by osmosis

Shrink

when an animal cell loses water due to osmosis

Turgid

a swollen plant cell with a full vacuole resulting from water intake due to osmosis

Plasmolysed

a plant cell in which the vacuole has shrunk and the membrane has pulled away from the wall due to water loss

Active transport

the transport of molecules against their concentration gradient that requires energy

Concentration gradient

a difference in concentration between two solutions, cells or solutions and cells

four substances that move by diffusion

Oxygen,Carbon dioxide, amino acids and glucose