Epithelial Tissue and Glands

Vocabulary flashcards covering epithelial tissue classification, simple cuboidal epithelium, stratified columnar epithelium, and exocrine glands from Chapter 4 Anatomy & Physiology notes.

Simple (Layer Classification)

One layer of cells.

Stratified (Layer Classification)

Multiple layers of cells.

Pseudostratified (Layer Classification)

One layer, but appears to be multiple.

Squamous (Cell Shape)

Flattened cells.

Cuboidal (Cell Shape)

Cube-shaped cells.

Columnar (Cell Shape)

Upright rectangular cells.

Stratified Epithelial Cell Shape Rule

When tissue is stratified, cell shape classification is based on the layer of cells at the apical surface.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Description)

A single layer of cube-shaped cells with a round, centrally located nucleus.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Location)

Covers surface of ovary; lines anterior surface of capsule of lens of the eye; forms pigmented epithelium at posterior surface of retina of the eye; lines kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands; makes up secreting portion of some glands such as thyroid gland and ducts of some glands such as pancreas.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Function)

Secretion and absorption.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium (Description)

Basal layers usually consist of shortened, irregularly shaped cells; only apical layer has columnar cells; uncommon.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium (Location)

Lines part of urethra; large excretory ducts of some glands, such as esophageal glands; small areas in anal mucous membrane; part of conjunctiva of eye.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium (Function)

Protection and secretion.

Exocrine Gland (Description)

Glands whose secretory products are released into ducts that empty onto surface

Exocrine Gland (Location)

Sweat, oil, and earwax glands of skin; digestive glands such as salivary glands (secrete into mouth cavity) and pancreas (secretes into small intestine).

Exocrine Gland (Function)

Produce substances such as sweat to help lower body temperature, oil, earwax, saliva, or digestive enzymes.

A gland

A single cell/mass of epithelial cells are that adapted for secretion

glands are ductless when mature

Endocrine glands

Covering and lining

Happens on external surfaces

Glandular

The Secretory tissue in glands

Features of epithelial tissue

• Cells are arranged and are densely packed

• cells attach to a basement membrane

• mitosis occurs frequently