Child Development Exam 2 Chp 4.

Early Postnatal Period

the acquisition, coordination, and integration of basic motor skills (ex; grasping, reaching)

Crawling influences which domains of development

perceptual, cognitive, language, social

Babies who start crawling have better

Memory Retention

Dynamic-systems Theory

mastery of motor skills involves acquiring increasingly complex systems of action

central nervous system develops

movement possibilities, motivation/goals, environmental support

Fine motor skills

reaching, grasping, drawing

Gross Motor Skills

crawling, walking, jumping

Fine motor skills

Holding an object 0-3

trying to reach out for objects/placing things in mouth 3-6 m

trying to hold food/using hand and fingers to play games 6m to 1year

scribble on paper/play throw & catch w ball 1 to 1 ½ year

drawing lines with pencil/using spoon to eat 1 ½ to 2 years

brushing teeth and buttons cloth w help 2 to 3 years

builds using building blocks/uses a pencil to draw/turn pages of a book 3-5y

draw various shapes easily/brush & comb without support/cut shapes clearly 5 & 7 years

Reflexes

involuntary movement in response to touch, light, sound, or stimulus.

The “gap” study

studied how infants learn to judge what is safe/unsafe in different postures, integrating perceptual information with motor behavior

Within the “gap” study, just because infants learn what is safe/unsafe while crawling

does not transfer to walking

Sudden Infant death Syndrome

(SIDS) is the unexplained death of an infant, usually during sleep

When does SIDS typically occur

2-4 months

Risk factors

sleeping stomach down or on side, low birth weight, low Apgar score, mother who smoked, too soft of bed

Amount of Sleep per age

Newborns 16-18 hrs, Pre-school aged 11-12 hrs, School aged 10hrs, Teenagers 9-10, Adults 7-8 hrs

Sleep Deprivation

Adolescence and young adults are frequently sleep deprived

Cognitive Impacts: attention, memory, thinking

Mental health: higher rates of anxiety and depression