Chapter 9: liver (practice test)

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall by the:

A) falciform ligament

B) round ligament

C) ligamentum teres

D) triangular ligament

A) falciform ligament

Fatty infiltration may be observed in all patients except those with:

A) diabetes mellitus

B) chronic alcoholism

C) hepatitis

D) hepatoportal fistula

D) hepatoportal fistula

Sonographic findings of acute hepatitis include:

A) increased brightness and echogenicity of liver, and no demonstration of portal vein radicles

B) decreased brightness and echogenicity of liver

C) accentuated brightness, more extensive demonstration of portal vein radicles, and overall decreased echogenicity of liver

D) ascites, decreased brightness, and echogenicity

C) accentuated brightness, more extensive demonstration of portal vein radicles, and overall decreased echogenicity of liver

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder caused by obstruction of the:

A) portal veins

B) splenic vein

C) superior mesenteric vein

D) hepatic veins

D) hepatic veins

Echinococcal cysts have the highest incidence in countries which:

A) poultry is abundant

B) sheep grazing is common

C) fishing is common

D) rock climbing is relevant

B) sheep grazing is common

The most common benign tumor of the liver is:

A) cavernous hemangioma

B) adenoma

C) infantile hemangioendothelioma

D) mesenchymal hemartoma

A) cavernous hemangioma

Which benign liver tumor has been found in patients with type 1 glycogen storage disease?

A) cavernous hemangioma

B) hamartoma

C) adenoma

D) lipoma

C) adenoma

Patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma are likely to have had:

A) hemochromatosis

B) carcinosis

C) adenosis

D) cirrhosis

D) cirrhosis

The most common form of neoplastic involvement of the liver is:

A) metastases

B) hamartoma

C) hepatoma

D) hepatocellular carcinoma

A) metastases

The fossae of the right portal vein (RPV) and gallbladder are found in the:

A) left lobar fissure

B) right intersegmental fissures

C) left intersegmental tissue

D) main lobar fissure

D) main lobar fissure

In severe hepatocellular destruction, the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels are:

A) moderate

B) mild

C) moderately high

D) high

D) high

Elevation of alkaline phosphatase is associated with:

A) cavernous hemangioma

B) biliary obstruction

C) simple hepatic cysts

D) fatty infiltration

B) biliary obstruction

Diminished vascular structures within the liver parenchyma most likely represent:

A) Budd-Chiari syndrome

B) cirrhosis

C) obstructive portal disease

D) acute viral hepatitis

B) cirrhosis

The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the:

A) ligamentum teres

B) ligamentum venison

C) ligamentum falciform

D) quadratus ligamentum

A) ligamentum teres

Elevation of serum bilirubin results in:

A) hepatocellular disease

B) ascites

C) hemolysis

D) jaundice

D) jaundice

Which one of the following actions should be done to image the near field of the liver?

A) increase transducer frequency

B) change from a sector to a linear transducer

C) use a curved array transducer

D) increase near gain

C) use a curved array transducer

Typical symptoms a patient may have with an abscess formation include all of the following except:

A) decreased white blood count

B) fever

C) increased white blood count

D) pain

A) decreased white blood count

Jim MacDonald, a sheep farmer, arrives at the hospital with upper quadrant pain, fever, and an elevated white blood count. He states that 3 months earlier, he was kicked in the ribs. An irregular mass showing low-level echoes is found on the sonogram. What is you differential diagnosis?

A) hematoma

B) echinococcal cyst

C) amebic abscess

D) hepatic abscess

B) echinococcal cyst

Which one of the following tumors consist of large blood-filled spaces?

A) hamartoma

B) Ewing angioma

C) adenoma

D) cavernous hemangioma

D) cavernous hemangioma

Dilated intrahepatic bile ducts may be seen with all of the following except:

A) lymphadenopathy in the porta hepatis

B) gallstones in the fundus of the gallbladder

C) intrahepatic mass in the area of the porta hepatis

D) obstructive stone in the cystic duct

B) gallstones in the fundus of the gallbladder

Hepatocellular disease can be defined as a process that affects the:

A) phagocytes and interferes with liver function

B) hepatocytes and interferes with liver function

C) phagocytes and does not interfere with liver function

D) spherocytes and interferes with liver function

B) hepatocytes and interferes with liver function

In glycogen storage disease, type 1 is most common and is also known as ______ disease.

A) von Gussel

B) von Gierke

C) von Gerpe

D) von Slurpe

B) Von Gierke

All of the following describe normal portal venous flow except:

A) low-flow velocity

B) hepatofugal flow

C) spontaneous flow

D) phasic flow

B) hepatofugal flow

Which one of the following is noted in type 1 glycogen storage disease?

A) hyperechoic liver and hepatomegaly

B) small liver and hypoechoic parenchyma

C) normal texture and hepatomegaly

D) normal texture and prominent intrahepatic biliary ducts

A) hyperechoic liver and hepatomegaly

All of the following statements are true about the features most often observed in an extrahepatic mass except:

A) discontinuity of the liver capsule

B) formation of a triangular fat wedge

C) anteromedial shift of the IVC

D) internal invagination of the liver capsule

E) none of the above, they are all true

E) none of the above, they are all true

All of the following statements are true about the features most often observed in an intrahepatic mass except:

A) external bulging of the liver capsule

B) anterior displacement of the right kidney

C) displacement of the hepatic vascular radicles

D) posterior shift of the IVC

B) anterior displacement of the right kidney

The most common site for echinococcal virus growth is in the:

A) bones

B) liver

C) lungs

D) brain

B) liver

The amebic abscess may reach the liver through the:

A) hepatic artery

B) gastroduodenal artery

C) portal vein

D) hepatorectal artery

C) portal vein

What benign liver tumor is located near the free edge of the liver, solitary, well-circumscribed, and a nonencapsulated multinodular mass?

A) focal nodular hyperplasia (FHN)

B) adenoma

C) cavernous hemangioma

D) lipoma

A) focal nodular hyperplasia (FHN)

Common malignancies affecting the pediatric population include all of the following except:

A) hepatoblastoma

B) leukemia

C) wilms tumor

D) neuroblastoma

A) hepatoblastoma