climate processes

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18 Terms

1
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orographic rainfall
wind pushes rain onto one side of mountains and the other side receives no rain so a dry climate is created (rain shadow)
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first step in orographic rainfall
prevailing westerly wind condenses water across the tasman sea towards the central north island
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second step in orographic rainfall
warm moist air is forced to rise over the mountains, as it rises it condenses and forms clouds to the west of ruapehu
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third step in orographic rainfall
second step leads to an increased amount of rain on the west while the east sits in a rainshadow and receives less rain
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fourth step in orographic rainfall
as all the moisture leaves the air on the west side, the east side of ruapehu receives a warm dry wind wich results in the rangipo desert
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microclimate
small variations in climate in a localised area
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north facing slopes are _______ than south facing slopes
sunnier
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the bottom of a slope is more _________ from the wind so has warmer temperatures
sheltered
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vegetation _______ heat so vegetated slopes have a warmer temperature than a bare slope
absorbs
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the top layer of vegetation receices ____ sun than the bottom layers and therefore has a higher temperature
more
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during the day the wind flows ____ a slope
up
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during the night the wind flows ____ a slope
down
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aeolian erosion
warm dry wind from the west over ruapehu causes erosion on the east side
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natural feature formed by aeolian erosion
rangipo desert
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first step of vegetation succession
after a volcanic eruption the environment changes so there are different types of vegetation because of the change in conditions
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second step of vegetation succession
mosses and lichens grow on the ash laden soil
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third step of vegetation succession
over time mosses and lichens decay and form compost in the soil allowing things like tussock and shrub to grow e.g. hebe
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fourth step of vegetation succession
as more soil is created from decaying shrubs and tussock, plants like beech trees can grow and create forests