nigeria test (q+a set)

What is the impact of the SMD system?

Limits representation of smaller parties

Is the PDP really the dominant party?

Voter fraud made it hard to determine accurate level of support for the PDP

When was the APC created?

2013

How many opposition parties merged to form the APC?

4 opposition parties

Which region of Nigeria provides more support for the APC?

Muslim North

What is the history of Civil Society in Nigeria?

Existed pre-independence, weakened by military rule

What are the different types of interest groups in Nigeria?

Regional/ethnic/religious, professional/labor, grassroots, issue-based, NGOs

What are some examples of interest groups?

Arewa Consultative Forum, Nigerian Medical Association, grassroots health orgs

What do NGOs focus on?

social welfare services

What are the challenge's of Nigeria's Civil Society?

Weak institutions, distrust between groups, government's oil dependence

What is the Niger Delta known for?

It is an oil-rich region with significant environmental damage from oil extraction.

What has been the Nigerian government's response to the Niger Delta conflicts?

The response has included military intervention and attempts at negotiation.

What are the key issues in the Niger Delta conflicts?

Environmental damage, economic inequality, and the need for sustainable development in the region.

What is MOSOP (Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People)?

Represents Ogoni people (live in the Niger Delta), advocates for improved conditions, nonviolent initially

What is MEND (Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta)?

Regional movement, violent tactics, attracted wealthy backers

What does NDA stand for in the context of Nigerian militant groups?

Niger Delta Avengers

What type of infrastructure does the Niger Delta Avengers attack?

Oil pipelines

What was the impact of the Niger Delta Avengers on Nigeria's oil production in 2016?

Oil production dropped from 2.2 million barrels per day to 1.4 million

What are some examples of constitutional protections?

Due process, expression, religion

How are constitutional protections characterized in practice?

Limited in practice, with criticism of government restricted

What is Nigeria's Freedom House Rating?

"Partially Free," low scores for political rights and civil liberties

What do LGBTQ+ rights look like in Nigeria?

Severe restrictions, bans on same-sex marriage

What are politics like for women?

Underrepresented despite large voter turnout, patriarchal society

Is there ethnic diversity in Nigeria?

Over 250 ethnic groups (Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo largest

What are the religious divisions in Nigeria?

Muslim North, Christian/Animist South, this is a big source of conflict

Is there linguistic diversity in Nigeria?

Over 500 languages, English official language

What divisions has colonialism caused that still impacts Nigeria in the present day?

Arbitrary borders, favored certain rulers, intensified ethnic tensions

What has Boko Haram done?

Targets churches, schools, government, around 2 million people killed/displaced

What year did the Chibok Kidnapping occur?

2014

How many Christian schoolgirls were kidnapped in the Chibok Kidnapping?

276

What age range did the kidnapped Christian schoolgirls fall into?

16-18

What group was responsible for the kidnapping of the Chibok schoolgirls?

Boko Haram

How many girls from the Chibok Kidnapping remain in captivity?

82

What significant global impact did the Chibok Kidnapping have?

It sparked a global movement.

What is the impact of having had a colonial economy?

Limited opportunities for Nigerians, favored foreign businesses

What did the economy look like immediately after colonialism?

Largely agricultural, government-led industrialization (ISI)

What are the effects of Nigeria's oil dependency?

Became crucial, rentier state, neglected other sectors, resource curse

What did the 1970s' government use oil wealth for?

Infrastructure projects

What did the 1970s' government do with future oil revenues?

Borrowed against them

What event led to bankruptcy in the 1970s?

Oil price collapse

What have recent economic policies been like?

Fluctuating between reforms and patronage-based spending

How has Nigeria provided debt relief?

Reduced debt through aid and liberalization policies

What is the Sovereign Wealth Fund?

Designed for oil revenue savings, but mismanaged

What are the issues of the oil sector?

Limited refining capacity, expensive subsidies, corruption

What is ERGP?

Economic Recovery and Growth Plan, aims to improve competitiveness

How has recent economic growth gone?

Fluctuating, impacted by oil prices and COVID-19

How is entrepreneurship in Nigeria?

Growing, many young Nigerians starting businesses

What is NHIS?

National Health Insurance Scheme, but limited coverage, mostly private

What is NSIP?

National Social Investment Programmes, various programs are included in it, fragmented implementation, funding issues, limited coverage

What is happening with fuel subsidies?

Consume large budget portion, limit funds for social welfare, removed during Tinubu's presidency

How is Nigeria's population growing?

Currently 6th most populous country, rapidly growing, projected to be 4th largest globally by 2050

What is the trend of the fertility rate?

High, but declining

What factors influence the fertility rate?

Education and urban living

What is the fertility rate in the North?

Around 6-8 children per woman

What has been the impact of increasing female education?

Lowers fertility, boosts productivity, but limited access to education

What challenges do children face?

Malnutrition, poor healthcare access

What is the youth experience like in Nigeria?

Large youth population, challenges for education, jobs

Who was elected president of Nigeria in 2023?

Bola Tinubu

What are the key priorities of Bola Tinubu's presidency?

Economic diversification, security, and infrastructure

What controversies has Bola Tinubu faced during his presidency?

Corruption allegations and controversy over fuel prices