Science: Chemistry of living things

Science class study guide

Matter

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Atom

Basic building blocks of matter

Element

Pure substance made of 1 kind of atom

Compound

Pure substance made of 2 bonded elements

Molecule

Particles that have 2 or more atoms covalently charged

Acid

Substance that dissolves in water to form hydrogen ions

Base

Substance that dissolves in water to form hydrogen ions 

A key element for living things and one that can form up to four chemical bonds

water

What covalent compounds form chemical bonds by sharing

valence electrons

water reacts with many substances because it is a ….. electron

polar

catalysts……the amount of activation energy necessary for a reaction

lower

Nucleotides hook together to form both

DNA and RNA

Brownian motion is motion caused by the….between particles

friction

The structure process of a protein structure

Protien, polypeptide chain, amino acids

Elements that make up a Lipid

carbon and hydrogen

what is unique about the ratio elements in a carbonhydrate

the hydrogen is doubled

The types of carbonhydrates

monosaccorides and disacharide

The types of triglycerides

saturated and unsaturated

what is unique about the triglyceride structure

3 fatty acids + glycerol head + is the main fat storage lipids

Protiens have an Amino group, a carboxyl group and a 

R group

what allows insects to walk on water

cohesion

enzymes help a chemical reaction proceed by …… activation energy

lowering

The 3 properties of water that make it special

it can be a booming shape its a neutral charge is a polar molecule

The difference between physical change and chemical change

physical changes don't change as substances identity chemical changes change the substances chemical identity