study guide part 2

Leader Emergence

Traits like extraversion predict leader emergence, but traits alone do not guarantee effectiveness.

Initiating Structure

A task-focused leadership behavior that improves productivity and clarity.

Consideration

A relationship-focused leadership behavior that increases satisfaction and loyalty.

Situational Theory of Leadership

Suggests high initiating structure is best for low-skilled or new employees, while high consideration is best for experienced and motivated employees.

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory

Leaders develop different quality relationships with each subordinate, with high-quality exchanges leading to better performance and satisfaction.

Transactional Leadership

Focuses on rewards and punishments, with methods including contingent rewards and active or passive management-by-exception.

Laissez-Faire Leadership

Avoidance of leadership responsibilities.

Transformational Leadership Components

Four components: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.

Cultural Artifacts

Observable aspects of organizational culture, such as symbols, rituals, language, stories, and physical structures.

ASA Framework

Attraction, Selection, Attrition; a model describing how organizations align with individuals.

Person-Organization Fit

The alignment between individual values and organizational culture, impacting job satisfaction and commitment.

Culture Strength

The level of agreement on values within an organization, having advantages like consistency and disadvantages like resistance to change.

Organizational Structure Types

Common forms include functional, divisional, and matrix structures, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages.

Key Elements of Organizational Structure

Includes work specialization, chain of command, span of control, centralization, and formalization.

Mechanistic Structure

Rigid and hierarchical, suited for stable environments.

Organic Structure

Flexible and decentralized, ideal for dynamic environments.