NCE Chapter 11 Part 2

A counselor has an answering machine in her office. Which statement most accurately depicts the ethical guidelines related to this situation?

Ethical guidelines allow answering machines, but experts insist that unauthorized staff should not be allowed to listen or retrieve such messages.

The law requires clinicians to

keep progress notes.

A client wants to read her record. Pick the statement which is not accurate.

You should allow her to read it, however, you should go

back and change things you don’t want her to see; for

example, the fact that you said she was schizophrenic.

A counselor is seeing a client on a managed care plan. Unfortunately, the client has used up her maximum number of sessions for the year. The counselor is convinced that the client is in need of additional counseling, however, the counselor’s agency will not allow him to see her for any additional sessions. The best plan of action would be for the counselor to

refer the client for continued counseling to a practitioner

who will see the client whether or not she has managed

care benefits.

A career counselor who relies on the constructivist viewpoint

would emphasize that

an individual’s career choice is influenced by his or her

personal story and attempt to construct meaning out of the

world of work.

A gay male protests that he is unhappy with his sexual preference

and wants to lead a heterosexual lifestyle. He tells you that he

wants a family and children. You should

explain that homosexuality is not a mental disorder that

needs to be changed.

Conversion or reparative therapy is intended to change sexual

orientation and behaviors from gay to straight.

The literature in scientific and peer-reviewed journals does

not indicate that a person’s sexual orientation can be altered

from same-sex attraction to opposite-sex attraction.

A lesbian client wants to become heterosexual and asks for conversion or reparative therapy. You explain that you ethically do not believe in this form of intervention. She asks you to refer her to a practitioner who will perform this type of therapy. You should

tell the client you prefer not to refer her to a therapist who engages in this form of treatment. Discuss the potential harm and risks with the client emphasizing that this is an unproven form of treatment.

The ethical requirement to have a transfer plan in writing would

apply to

all of the above.

You are counseling a 29-year-old man in your private practice who is seeing a primary care physician (PCP) for severe headaches

You are not required to contact the PCP; however,

attempting to secure permission to do so from your client

would be considered the ideal course of action.

As a private practice counselor your ________ would be most

important in terms of filing claims.

NPI number

A counselor is treating a woman for a mood disorder. The counselor has sex with the woman’s daughter. This is considered

unethical

You have impeccable training and experience as a counseling supervisor. One of your supervisees comes in for her session and she is crying uncontrollably because her boyfriend told her he was breaking up with her. It is clear counseling would be beneficial and she asks you for counseling. You should

assist her in finding an appropriate counselor.

ACA ethical guidelines stipulate that a counselor can refrain from making a diagnosis if the counselor believes the diagnosis could harm the client or others.

A counselor could refrain from making a diagnosis if it is in the best interest of the client & A decision to refrain from making a diagnosis is ideally made in collaboration with the client, although the counselor has the final say.

The agency you work for insists that you diagnose every client. Since this is in violation of the newer ACA ethics this would qualify as “negative conditions.” You could handle this by

All of the above.

You leave your practice to study mental health treatment in another country. Dr. Kline, another licensed counselor, is now the custodian of your records. This was clearly explained in your informed consent brochure given to the client during the first visit. The clients have Dr. Kline’s contact information. Ethically

Dr. Kline should contact each client when he receives the record

During a counseling session Mrs. Sander’s 13-year-old daughter Jamie tries to speak. Mrs. Sanders says, “I told you not to say anything.” Her daughter wants to know why she cannot talk. Mrs. Sanders replies, “Because I’m the parent, end of discussion young lady.” According to the parenting typology of Diana Baumrind, Mrs. Sanders is

an authoritarian parent.

A counselor identifies herself as an ABA practitioner. The

technique she would be least likely to use would be

asking the client to talk about his dreams as if the dream is

occurring in the present.

A counselor is working with a client suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which counselor would be most concerned about inducing REM/EM during the sessions?

A counselor who is using Francine Shapiro’s EMDR.

A counselor is using the memory device: IS PATH WARM? He

is most likely working with

a client whom he feels could be suicidal.

I = ideation, S = substance abuse, P = purposelessness,

A = anxiety, T = trapped, H = hopelessness, W = withdrawal, A

= anger, R = recklessness, M = mood changes.

Child-centered play therapy (CCPT) is experiencing rapid

growth in popularity and spawning research. This modality was

created by

Virginia Mae Axline, an associate of Carl R. Rogers who

penned Dibs In Search of Self.

In a children’s career counseling group, the group will help the

children

in all the ways listed.

In terms of adolescents and career group counseling

such groups are cost effective and promote peer

identification.

The concept of universality (also called mutuality) applies to

group treatment. In career groups we can safely say

the group allows the members to see that others can be struggling with similar issues related to work, vocation, and career & other members of the group are in similar situations.

If you compare group career counseling to noncounselor

interventions

you will discover that group career counseling is more effective

When you conduct group career counseling

structured groups work best.

Special career counseling groups can be set up. Some examples include a group with displaced homemakers or persons receiving public assistance. Groups of this nature

can be very helpful.

Group career counseling

is an international phenomenon. It is used in China with college students

The main purpose of a career group is

to provide information to participants.

According to expert John Krumboltz

career decision issues are crucial in terms of one’s

happiness.

An advantage of group career counseling over individual career

counseling is

All of the above statements are correct.

Richard Nelson Bolles penned the bestselling job hunting manual in history titled What Color Is Your Parachute? The book, updated yearly, has sold over 10 million copies and is published in over 20 languages.

Bolles champions the idea of securing a network of persons

who can help you with your job search.

Nathan Azrin studied with B. F. Skinner. His job club groups

are based on

behaviorism based somewhat on positive reinforcement.

Career groups are often considered a theme group. The best

intervention in a structured career group would be

using activities such as a game.

You create a career group to examine the clients’ roles in life as

a child, student, citizen, homemaker/parent, worker, citizen,

and time spend participating in leisure activities (leisurite). You

should use

Donald Super’s life career rainbow.

According to the fetal origins hypothesis, adult heart disease,

some emotional disorders, and type 2 diabetes could be related

to

in utero malnutrition

According to the human growth and development notion of

plasticity every client you see

can alter his or her traits at any point in the life span.

Two 18-year-olds are given the exact same dosage of an

antidepressant medication. One indicates that the medicine

makes her feel “great” while the other insists the intervention

makes her “very tired.” This can most likely be attributed to

differential sensitivity

 You are conducting a program evaluation (PE) for your 501(c)(3)

nonprofit counseling agency. You should begin by

getting the support of the staff, administration, and clients.

Program evaluation (PE) helps agencies, organizations, and

centers make wiser decisions. PE takes place in a natural, rather

than a laboratory or controlled, setting and helps _________

answer questions posed via __________.

programs; staff

A cost–benefit analysis (CBA) answers the question:

Was the money wisely spent or does the counseling center

need a new program?

You are the owner of a counseling practice. You make the sole

decision which counselor receives the new referrals. According

to new ACA ethics on fee splitting

although many counselors believe this is controversial, it is

unethical based on the fact that charging a percentage of

the payment rate per client appears to be a kickback

scheme similar to accepting a referral fee

You are supervising a counselor-in-training and focusing on the

OARS core skills. You are teaching her how to perform

motivational interviewing (MI) created mainly by William

Miller and Stephen Rollnick.

The order of the four processes that MI uses is

engaging, focusing, evoking, and planning.

According to existential therapist Irvin D. Yalom

most therapists are afraid of their own mortality and avoid

the topic of death.

Pick the most accurate statement regarding patients diagnosed

with cancer.

Since January 1, 2015 there is official recognition that a

diagnosis of cancer will affect a patient’s mental health.

Transgender individuals have an attempted suicide rate which is approximately 25 times higher than the rate for the general population. A high percentage of transgender youth experience oppression and are physically assaulted. A transgender does not identify with the gender they were given at birth or the person’s expression differs from societal expectations. What is cisgender?

A person who identifies with the gender they were assigned

at birth and hence by definition this person is not a

transgender individual.

A correlation/association between variables x and y is .50.

According to the notion of effect size (ES)

the correlation is medium.

You conduct a true experiment. The results between the several

groups are statistically significant. You have rejected the null

hypothesis

You should still provide an effect size (ES) statistic.

A major meta-analysis (a term coined by researcher Gene V.

Glass) of 375 outcome studies using effect size (ES) by Mary

Lee Smith, Gene V. Glass, and Thomas I. Miller revealed that

psychotherapy had a strong or so-called big effect, checking

in at a .85.

According to the DSM-5

pathological gambling is a disorder and is listed with

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders.

All of the statements below are true about bullying except

More students are harassed in the hallways than on social

media.

Wilderness therapy falls under the auspices of adventure-based

therapy. There is no one set model for wilderness therapy. All of

the statements below are true about wilderness therapy except:

Effective wilderness therapy occurs when a boot camp

model is used in the wilderness.

The 1974 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) could be called the Buckley Amendment on your exam since Senator James K. Buckley was a strong supporter. All of these facts are true regarding FERPA except:

A counselor working in a private educational institution

which does not receive federal funding would still be

required to follow FERPA guidelines.

Mr. Donald is seeing you for a gambling addiction problem.

Several years ago he won a huge amount of money at the casino

from a slot machine. As soon as he pulled the handle he snapped

his fingers. Now he always snaps his fingers after he pulls a slot

machine handle. His superstition can best be explained by

accidental reinforcement

Pick the incorrect statement.

Alcoholism occurs more in women than men.

You are supervising a graduate student. The client she is

discussing was raped and robbed several days prior to your

session with this student. When you ask your supervisee for

more information she says, “Well, I’m certain the fact that she

was carrying a very expensive handbag and wearing tight clothes

was an issue.” Based on gestalt psychologist Fritz Heider’s

concept of attribution theory

your supervisee is relying on dispositional attributions.

Based on the information in the previous question, the best

example of a fundamental attribution error (also called a

fundamental attribution bias) would be:

The graduate student blames the woman for carrying an

expensive handbag and wearing tight clothes.

According to attribution theory and the self-serving bias, if you

pass your exam _________ and if you fail your exam ___________

it is because of dispositional issues; it is because of

situational issues

You are performing career counseling with a client. This client is

extremely depressed. The client goes on a job interview and

doesn’t get the job. Based on research related to attribution

theory

he will blame himself for his poor performance during the

interview.

A counselor is using telephone coaching with a client. The

counselor is most likely to base her treatment on

DBT as set forth by Marsha M. Linehan.

A counselor is utilizing a thought log—also known as a thought

record—with an anxious client. She is practicing

cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)

You are conducting a session using CBT; however, you are

incorporating mindfulness as well as ACT into the session.

Strictly speaking you are

third wave CBT

which incorporates DBT, motivational interviewing, and

ACT

A counselor is performing CBT. He believes his client is not

dealing with the real or core issue causing the difficulty. The

most effective ploy would be to

use the downward arrow technique, created by David D.

Burns, M.D.

Classical conditioning is based on paired learning, whereas

operant conditioning is predicated on rewards or punishment.

In a classical conditioning experiment a dog was trained to

salivate to a bell which was originally presented about 0.5 second

before the meat. The bell is

a CS or conditioned stimulus

Your supervisor insists you rely on a teleological approach with a

client. Pick the correct statement.

You would focus on the client’s goal to become a stock

broker in four years when she finishes her business degree