Concepts of Nursing EXAM 3

what is a standard or rule of conduct established and enforced by government?

law

what is another word for lawsuit?

litigation

what is an example of statutory laws?

nurse practice acts

who is the plaintiff?

person bringing suit

who is the defendant?

person being accused of a crime

what do the nurse practice acts define?

scope of practice (what you can and cannot do)

what is accreditation?

an educational program that has met and been given specific guidelines and curricula

how do you achieve licensure?

after passing the NCLEX

what does suspension of licensure mean?

can no longer practice

what can occur if you commit fraud?

license suspension

what is an example of fraud in nursing?

false documentation

what can occur if you commit a criminal act?

license suspension

what can occur due to advanced physical or mental impairments (including aging)?

license suspension

can you still practice on probation?

yes

what is a letter of reprimand?

a warning ticket

what is voluntary surrender of license?

hand over your license to never be returned

what occurs when your license is revoked?

state board took away license

what is additional education, knowledge, and training?

certification

what is a compact state?

if you get your license in certain (compact) states, you cannot practice outside of that state

what is a synonym we can use for compact state?

endorsement

what is a wrong against a person or the person's property as well as the public?

crime

what are the two types of crimes?

misdemeanor and felony

what is a misdemeanor?

the less serious crime; punishable by fines or less than 1 year imprisonment

what is a felony?

over 1 year imprisonment

what is a wrong committed by a person against another person or that person's property?

tort

where is a tort tried?

civil court

what are the two types of tort?

intentional and unintentional

what are the types of intentional tort?

assault, battery, defamation of character, invasion of privacy, and false imprisonment

what is assault?

verbally threatening

what is battery?

causing physical harm (touch or contact)

what is defamation of character?

publication of false statements that result in damage to a person's reputation

what are the two types of defamation of character?

libel and slander

what is libel?

written defamation

what is slander?

spoken defamation

what is invasion of privacy a violation of?

HIPAA

what is invasion of privacy?

Intruding on a patients private affairs, or disclosure of private information.

what is false imprisonment?

Holding someone against their wishes. EXCEPTION: Harm to self or others.

what are the two types of unintentional tort?

malpractice and negligence

what is negligence?

not doing something your should've done

what is malpractice?

Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards

do patients have the right to see and copy their health record?

yes

do patients have the right to request correction of any mistakes in record?

yes

do patients have the right to lie when they need to on their health record?

no

what act gave patients the right to advance directives and living wills and health records?

patient self-determination act

what states the wishes of someone regarding the potential need of life-sustaining measures when they cannot speak for themselves?

advanced directive

what does an advanced directive need to include?

living will, power of attorney, and health care instructions

what can make decisions for someone dying if they cannot themselves?

power of attorney

what are the four elements of liability?

duty, breach of duty, causation, damages

what is duty?

our responsibilities

what is breach of duty?

failure to meet our responsibilities and obligations

what does causation result in?

harm or damage

what is the hardest element of liability to prove?

causation

what are damages associated with?

money

what is the number one reason for malpractice claims?

failure to assess the situation

what is it called when a lawsuit is settled outside of court?

fair settlement

what is a fact witness?

testify to what they have seen heard or observed regarding a circumstance (don't give opinion!)

what is an expert witness?

An individual who, because of special skill or training, may give opinion testimony (give opinion!)

what is a sentinel event?

something that occurs while patient is receiving healthcare services that results in harm or death

is informed consent important?

yes!!

who fills out the incident report?

whoever witnesses or does it

why is it important to check the functionality to electrical equipment?

fire hazard

is it okay to accidentally not document some things?

no. documentation is evidence, validation, and absolutely necessary

what are some methods of documentation?

SOAP, PIE charting, focus charting

is SOAP subjective or objective?

subjective

what does PIE charting stand for?

problem, intervention, evaluation

what is focus charting?

focused on one or few problems

what are MARs?

medication administration records

what does homebound mean?

when it is a taxing effort to get in and out of their home

what are the 4 P's for purposeful rounding?

position, potty, pain, personal

what is purposeful rounding?

proactive, systematic, nurse-driven, evidence-based intervention that helps nurses anticipate and address patient needs

what is ISBARR?

identify, situation, background, assessment, recommendation, repeat

what is the purpose of ISBARR?

a communication framework for effectiveness between team members

what should you include in I (identify) in ISBARR?

identify yourself and who you are calling for

what should you include in S (situation) in ISBARR?

explain why you are calling

what should you include in B (background) in ISBARR?

summary of all the body systems

what should you include in A (assessment) in ISBARR?

- explain what you think the problem is, if you know

- if you don't know, explain urgency

what should you include in R (recommendation) in ISBARR?

- make requests for what you would like done

- ask for any necessary tests

- if the patient doesn't get better, when would you want us to call again?

what should you include in R (repeat) in ISBARR?

- i understand that the treatment plan is...

- what should i do before you get here?

how do you write a verbal order?

nurse must write "verbal order", their own signature, and their own surname in capitals

what are the requirements for home health?

1. being homebound

2. needing intermittent care from health professionals

3. plan of care ordered by physician (doctor's order

what is the MAIN aim of teaching your patients?

to help them achieve the optimal level of health and achieve independence in overall self care and ADLs

every encounter is an opportunity to _______

teach

what are the different learning domains?

cognitive, psychomotor, affective

what is cognitive learning domain?

mental and brain associated

what is psychomotor learning domain?

physical skill integrating mental and muscular activity

What is affective learning domain?

changing attitudes, values, and feelings

how should you communicate with your patients?

genuinely and quick but concise (don't ask more than what's necessary, be inconsiderate, or judgmental)

what are the different teaching strategies?

lecture, discussion, panel discussion, demonstration, discovery, role playing

what are contractual agreements?

informal agreements between patient and nurse that establishes goals for the patient outcome

when does documentation indicate that a plan needs to be revised?

if it doesn't show concrete evidence that learning has occurred

how can a nurse be a counselor?

provide listening, advice, guidance, or direction regarding an action or decision to help a person change

what are the different types of counseling?

short term, long term, and motivational

what is short term counseling?

for situation crisis; needs immediate attention

what is long term counseling?

extends over a prolonged period of time

what type of counseling do those going through developmental crises need?

long term

how do you assess a patient's learning needs?

- identify learning objectives

- ask pt about their understanding

- observe pt behavior

- consider readiness to learn

what is the teaching-learning process?

-assess learning needs and learning readiness

-diagnose the patient's learning needs

-develop learning outcomes

-develop a teaching plan

-implement teaching plan and strategies

-evaluate learning; revise the plan if the learner outcome is not met

-document the teaching-learning process

what are the aims of teaching and counseling?

- Maintaining and promoting health

- Preventing illness

- Restoring health

- Facilitating coping

- Promoting outcomes

what are the teaching outcomes?

- Optimal level of wellness and related self-care practices

- Disease prevention or early detection

- Quick recovery from trauma or illness with minimal or no complications

- Enhanced ability to adjust to developmental life changes and acute, chronic, and terminal illness

what factors affect patient learning?

- age and developmental level

- family/caregiver support networks

- financial resources

- cultural influences and language

- health literacy