Electricity

Electricity definition, Examples.

A form of energy that involves the movement and composition of electric charges. Ex: phones, electricity lines, Video games

Energy definition, Examples

Ability to do work, Ex: Electrical, thermal, chemical

which type of subatomic particle can move around?

electrons

Opposite charges _____

attract

like charges _____

repel

Charged objects _____ neutral objects

attract

What is static electricity/ Charge

Electricity (electrons) is stuck on an object until it jumps/transfers somewhere else.

what charge does an object become when it gives away electrons

positive 

what charge does an object become when it gains electrons

negative

What is charging by friction?

When 2 different materials are rubbed together, some electrons move from one material to the other.

What is discharging static?

When a charged object gets close to another object, sometimes electrons transfer, while they’re transferring they create a sudden spark

What are insulators? ex.

An object with low conductivity, when you rub an object against it, the electrons stay on the same spot you rubbed. ex: wood

What are conductors? ex.

An object with high conductivity, When electrons move freely across or through the material. ex: copper wires.

What’s an electrostatic series?

A list of materials based off of how easily they gain or give away electrons. If it’s closer to the top, it’s easier to give away electrons. If it’s closer to the bottom, it’s easier to gain electrons.

What are the 3 types of charging an object?

1. charging by friction

2. charging by contact

3. charging by induction

What is charging by contact?

When a charged object touches a neutral object, the electrons get combined then split equally.

What is charging by induction?

A charged object can change the charge of a neutral object without touching it, if it’s a positively charged object, the electrons in the neutral object get attracted and the electrons on the ground flow back into the neutral object. if it’s a negatively charged object, the electrons repel and flow to the ground.

example of static charge discharge

touching a metal doorknob after walking on carpet,electrons from carpet transfer to you, when you go and touch a metal doorknob, the electrons  transfer from you to the metal doorknob which creates a shock

what could happen if too much charge builds up on an object?exampe

1. static discharge (shock), if it touches a conductor.

2. attraction or repulsion. objects nearby may get pushed away or pulled.

what’s grounding

safe way to remove excess electrons from an object by connecting it to the earth.