Pre-Colonial Period in Philippine History

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38 Terms

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Black History Month
Annual celebration of African American history and culture.
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Philippines
Archipelago of 7,641 islands in Southeast Asia.
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Luzon
Largest island in the Philippines, home to Manila.
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Visayas
Central group of islands in the Philippines.
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Mindanao
Southernmost major island in the Philippines.
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Tropical climate
Characterized by warm temperatures and seasonal rainfall.
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Filipino language
Official language, based on Tagalog dialect.
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English language
Second official language used in the Philippines.
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Homo species
Early human species present in the Philippines.
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Pleistocene period
Timeframe of early human arrival, 631,000 to 777,000 years ago.
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Callao Caves
Location of 67,000-year-old hominin fossil discovery.
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Tabon Man
Fossil remains of early inhabitants found in Palawan.
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Homo luzonensis
Archaic human species found on Luzon island.
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Wave Migration Theory
Proposes land bridge migration of ancestors to Philippines.
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Core Population Theory
Suggests cultural differentiation among early Southeast Asians.
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Out of Sundaland
Theory of Austronesian origins from submerged landmass.
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Out of Taiwan
Proposes migration of Austronesians from Taiwan around 2200 BCE.
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Sunda Shelf Theory
Explains geological formation of the Philippine archipelago.
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Volcanic Eruption Theory
Suggests volcanic activity influenced early human migration.
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Continental Drift Theory
Alfred Wegener's theory of landmass movement.
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Plate Tectonics Theory
Explains Earth's lithospheric movements and geological activity.
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Land Bridge Theory
Suggests land connections between continents for migration.
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Maritime trade
Trade activities between Philippines and other regions.
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Datus
Leaders of autonomous groups called barangays.
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Barangay
Basic political unit in early Philippine society.
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Maginoo
Noble class in pre-colonial Philippine social structure.
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Maharlika
Warrior class in early Philippine society.
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Timawa
Freemen or tribespeople in pre-colonial Philippines.
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Alipin
Dependent class or slaves in early Philippine society.
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Philippine Folk Literature

Oral traditions including tales, epics, and chants.
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Baybayin
Pre-colonial writing system used in the Philippines.
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Animism
Belief in spirits inhabiting the natural world.
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Anitos
Spirits worshipped in pre-colonial Philippine religion.
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Babaylan
Shamans and spiritual leaders in early Filipino culture.
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Kaingin
Swidden agriculture method used by early farmers.
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Balaraw
Type of weapon used by Filipino warriors.
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Kris
Curved blade weapon used in Filipino combat.
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Kampilan
Large sword used by warriors in the Philippines.