Climate Change and Global Economic Trends

This flashcard set covers the key concepts, historical figures, scientific theories, and Philippine environmental laws related to climate change and global economic trends as discussed in the lecture.

Climate Change

Long-term changes in weather patterns, often caused by human activities.

IPCC

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change created by UNEP and WMO to provide assessment reports on climate impacts, adaptation, and mitigation.

Greenhouse Effect

A phenomenon proposed by Joseph Fourier (1824) regarding how certain gases create a warming blanket around the Earth.

Fossil Fuels

Energy sources including coal, crude oil, and natural gas that provide approximately $80\%$ of the world’s energy.

Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)

Gases including carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), methane ($CH_4$), and nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) that trap heat in the atmosphere.

Energy Consumption

The largest source of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for $73\%$ worldwide.

Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)

A practice using water, chemicals, and sand to extract hydrocarbons for fuel, which consumes large amounts of water and can contaminate local supplies.

Bhopal Disaster (1984)

A toxic gas leak from a pesticide plant in India that exposed half a million people, leading to thousands of deaths and permanent injuries.

Mitigation

A strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions that is expensive at first but saves lives in the long run.

Adaptation

Strategies for reducing and managing the risks of climate change, such as raising houses on coral stones or using hanging pots for plants.

Svante Arrhenius

A Swedish scientist who predicted that burning fossil fuels would release carbon dioxide and increase the Earth's temperature.

James Hansen

A scientist who testified before Congress in 1988 about greenhouse gases and developed climate models declaring coal plants must shut by 2030.

Geoengineering

Large-scale interventions like solar radiation management (space mirrors) and carbon dioxide removal (forestation) to counter climate change.

Command and Control Governance

A regulatory framework, such as the Clean Air Act of 1999, which assumes environmental degradation stems from private sector negligence and uses legal punishments.

Economic Based Environmental Governance

An alternative management approach utilizing free-market instruments like carbon taxes to attach financial costs to pollution.

RA 9513

The Renewable Energy Act of 2008 which promotes the development of solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, ocean, and biomass energy in the Philippines.

RA 9003

The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 which focuses on waste minimization through segregation, composting, and the practices of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.

Hyperconsumerism

A problem driven by free-market economies and marketing where consumption patterns shift toward buying more than needed to express status and identity.

Silent Spring

A book written by Rachel Carson in 1962 that highlighted the dangers of pesticides.

Macliing Dulag

A Kalinga leader and barrio captain who led resistance against a dam project that threatened local rice terraces and communities.

Marieta Corpuz

An Aeta leader from Aurora who organized resistance against projects like APECO to protect ancestral lands and fishing grounds.

BUKAL Batangas

A provincial alliance dedicated to protecting the Verde Island Passage from large-scale mining and coal-fired power plants.

Gawad Bayani ng Kalikasan

An award that honors unsung environmental heroes and defenders who protect their communities and the environment.