Renaissance + Age of Discovery TestRevival of classical learning of the

Humanism

People are seen as the center of the world. Everything is explained using a humanist approach

The people of the Renaissance studied:

Grammar History Poetry using classical texts
Rhetoric

Some of the most important cities during the Renaissance were:

Florence, Rome, Venice, Genoa, and Milan

Dante Alighieri

- Wrote the "Divine Comedy"
- He visits heaven, purgatory, and hell
- Meets people along during his journey
- Written in Italian not Latin
- Wrote for common people not learned

Revival of classical learning of the

Greeks & Romans

What types of study were re-developed during the Renaissance?

literature, art, education, and architecture

The Renaissance began in.....

Italy

Many of the early Renaissance thinkers believed in the idea of

Humanism

Francesco Petrarch

considered the father of humanism

Giovanni Boccaccio

- Wrote the "Decameron"
- Was about a group of people outside of Florence hiding from the Black Plague
- Told stories about their experiences

Niccolo Machiavelli

- Wrote the "Prince"
- Advised rulers to maintain the safety of their states by whatever means they thought necessary
- Lying, cheating, stealing, and killing would be acceptable

Thomas More

- Wrote the book utopia
- Ideal society
- Laws enforced by citizens themselves
- Freedom of religion

William Shakespeare

- Wrote palms like Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth
- Dealt with feelings that have not changed

Renaissance Art:

- Realistic and life-like
- Perspective - illusion of depth

One of the most important inventions during the Renaissance was

the printing press

Who is associated with the first printing press?

Gutenberg

Renaissance science

experimentation, observation, and use of math to solve problems

Da Vinci

anatomy -used corpses to discover how the human body works

Astronomy

Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo Heliocentric - as opposed to geocentric

The Renaissance led to a period of

European exploration.

The period led to improvements in navigation and sailing.

The Renaissance led people to become

curious about their surroundings

Marco Polo

The first major explorer of the Renaissance period
- was an Italian who visited China and lived there for 17 years and came back to Europe and wrote about his travels

Marco Polo had an interest in

China - Asia grew

Prince Henry (Portugal) the Navigator

- He started one of the first schools of navigation
- Portugal was the first country to start a systematic exploration of the world
- One of the areas that European countries became interested in was Africa (it was used as an all water route to Asia, gold, ivory, and slave).

In 1487 Batolomeau Dias sailed around the

Cape of Good Hope - the crew mutinied - so they never completed the journey.

In 1497 Vasco Da Gama made the complete trip to

India for Portugal

Christopher Columbus thought that

he could reach Asia going the opposite direction (he thought he could circumnavigate the world).

Who financed Columbus' voyage?

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain

Columbus' three ships

Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria

Columbus sailed the ocean blue in

1492

Columbus has three more expeditions:

1493, 1498, 1502 and never realized he had discovered a new world.

When Columbus landed he called the inhabitants INDIANS because

he thought he was in India.

Columbus after his fourth journey was

arrested by Spanish authorities for atrocities done to the Natives.

America was named after

Americo Vespucci - explorer and he studied and explored the area that Columbus had explored earlier.

Vespucci (scout) realized that

the land was in fact a new discovery (1503).

Martin Waldseemuller mapped out the area and decided to name the area after

Vespucci - America

In 1513 Balboa found the

Isthmus of Panama - cross in between North and South America.

Balboa represents

Spain

Once Balboa crosses through the Americas he discovers....

the Pacific Ocean

In 1519 Ferdinand Mafellan sailed across......

the Pacific Ocean and discovered the Philippine Islands.

he was killed in a battle with the inhabitants there
Of the 237 men that started the journey - only 18 returned

European countries began to set up colonies in other areas of the world like.....

North America, Africa, and India

The British developed the

strongest navy in the world

Phillip II of Spain was married to

Mary Tudor.
Both very Catholic

Elizabeth had pirates attack

Spanish ships, steal the cargo(gold), and bring it to England.

Phillip insists that Elizabeth have........

Fransis Drake arrested and charged with piracy.

Elizabeth not only did not have Drake arrested but she

knighted him

Phillip orders.....

his Spanish fleet (Spanish Armada) to attack England

Who leads the English fleet to victory over Spain?

Sir Francis Drake

Defeat of the Spanish Armada occurred in

1588

The defeat of the Spanish Armada began...

the decline in power of Spain in 1588

With the decline of Spain France becomes the major rival of

Britain

Lack of precious metals led to the use of

currency.
IOU - paper money

Mercantilism

the wealth of a nation consisted of the supply of money and precious metals in the hands of the government or its people

Every country wanted

to sell more than they bought

Made colonies important - Raw materials, and they were a market for manufactured goods.

Desiderius Erasmus

wrote the book "In Praise of Folly".
He criticized the church for its hypocrisy.
The church was a very powerful enemy.

Leonardo DaVinci

Was a great Renaissance man.
Last Supper.
Mona Lisa.
Inventor.
Scientist.

Michelangelo

Was a great painter and sculptor.
Known for his work on the Sistine Chapel.

Donatello

Known for his sculpture of King David.

Raphael

Known for his painting "School of Athens".
Shows Socrates in discussion with his students.