Alimentary or Acessory Canal Chart

What is the primary function of the oral cavity in digestion?

Ingestion.

What are the three pairs of salivary glands?

1. Parotid (largest, secretes amylase), 2. Submandibular, 3. Sublingual.

What is the role of mucus in the digestive system?

It lubricates food and aids in swallowing.

What is the function of the cardiac sphincter?

It prevents food from re-entering the esophagus after it has passed into the stomach.

What is chyme?

A semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by the stomach into the small intestine.

What is the main role of the stomach in digestion?

It performs chemical digestion of proteins using gastric juices.

What are the three regions of the small intestine?

1. Duodenum, 2. Jejunum, 3. Ileum.

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

It regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine.

What is the largest internal organ in the human body?

The liver.

What are the four lobes of the liver?

Right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, and caudate lobe.

What is the role of the gallbladder in digestion?

It stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.

What is the function of bile?

It emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for digestion.

What are the main secretions of the pancreas?

Digestive enzymes including amylase, proteases, and nucleases.

What is the function of CCK (cholecystokinin) in digestion?

It stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder to release bile and the secretion of pancreatic juices.

What is the purpose of the large intestine?

Reabsorption of water from chyme and preparation of waste for elimination.

What are the parts of the large intestine?

1. Cecum, 2. Colon, 3. Rectum, 4. Anus.

What is peristalsis?

The wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

What is the role of intrinsic factor in digestion?

It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12.

What is the process of denaturation in digestion?

It involves the unfolding of proteins in the stomach due to strong acids, making them easier to digest.

What are the end products of protein digestion?

Amino acids.

What is the significance of hormonal control in digestion?

It regulates the secretion of digestive juices and enzymes in response to food intake.