world religions (terms idk p2)

ahimsa

“non-violence”

anatta

“no self”

anicca

“impermanence”

arhat

“worthy one”

ascetic

sannyasin

bodhisattvas

Mahayana Buddhism → these are enlightened beings who choose to remain in the cycle of rebirth (samsara) to help others achieve enlightenment rather than entering Nirvana themselves

Dalai Lama

Vajrayana Buddhism → spiritual leader

dokusan

Zen Buddhism → relationship between priest and a disciple

dukkha

“suffering”

the Five Precepts

1)Do not take life, 2)Do not take what is given, 3)Do not engage in sensuous misconduct, 4)Do not use false speech, 5)Do not drink intoxicants

The Four Noble Truths

most foundational teaching; 1)To live is to experience suffering, 2)Suffering is caused by desire, 3)Suffering can be brought to cessation, 4)The only solution is the Noble Eightfold Path

the Four Passing Sights

felt pain and suffering for the first time; 1)Old man, 2)Mentally ill man, 3)Corpse, 4)Ascetic

koan

Zen Buddhism → paradoxical anecdotes or riddles that provoke enlightenment

Mahayana Buddhism

believes that Buddha was a divine being who revealed

mandalas

colorful and complex geometric figures

mantras

paradoxical anecdotes or riddles that proke enlightenment

Middle Way

the most practical approach to spirituality than sensual indulgence or self-denial

mudras

symbolic hand gestures used in ceremonies

Noble Eightfold Path

defines the basic practices of Buddhism that leads to nirvana

roshi

Zen Buddhism → a highly experienced and often formally recognized Zen teacher who guides students in their meditation

the Sangha

Buddhist community of monks and nuns

stupa

a dome-shaped structure that serves as a Buddhist shrine

tanha

“desire”

Theravada Buddhism

Buddha was a man who taught about achieved nirvana

Three Marks of Existence

1)annica (no-self), 2)anatta (impermanence), 3)dukkha (suffering)

Vajrayana Buddhism

the Dalai Lama is the leader

Zen Buddhism

focuses on achieving enlightenment through personal insight and the guidance of a teacher, often using methods like koans

Confucius

“the Master”; born poor; his mother and Lao Tzu were influence to him

Analects

collected sayings of Confucius life brought together by his disciples

Chu Hsi

second founder; contributed to Neo-Confucianism

Doctrine of the Mean

one of the Four Books of Confucianism

The Great Learning

one of the Four Books of Confucianism; defines the Five Constant Relationships

jen

“goodness”

K’ung Fu’tzu

also known as Confucius

li

“propriety”

shu

“reciprocity”; most similar to the Golden Rule

te

“virtue”