Sustainable Development Goals and Nutrition

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes regarding sustainable development goals and nutrition.

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

Food security

Access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy life.

Neonatal mortality ratio

The number of deaths of infants less than 28 days old per 1,000 live births.

International health

A field concerning health issues that transcend national boundaries.

Food insecurity

The lack of consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life.

Under five mortality rate

The probability of a child dying before their fifth birthday.

Public health

The science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities.

Hunger

A prolonged or chronic sensation of discomfort due to insufficient food.

HALE

Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, a measure of years lived in good health.

Environmental health

The branch of public health concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment.

Infant mortality rate

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

DALY

Disability-Adjusted Life Year, a measure of overall disease burden.

Global health

Health issues that affect populations worldwide.

Life expectancy at birth

Average number of years a newborn is expected to live.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

A collection of 17 global goals designed to address urgent environmental, political, and economic challenges.

Maternal mortality ratio

The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Determinants of health

Factors that influence an individual's or population's health.

Height (as a health indicator)

A measurement often used to assess child growth and nutritional status.

Universal health care system

Health care system that provides coverage to all citizens.

Stunting

Low height-for-age due to malnutrition during childhood.

Momentum Obamacare

Refers to the continuation of health care reforms initiated under the Affordable Care Act.

Total fertility rate

The average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.

Single-payer health care system

A health care system where a single public agency organizes health care financing.

Demographic transition model

A model that describes population change over time.

Green Revolution

A period of agricultural development that increased food production worldwide.

Yield gap

The difference between potential yield and actual yield.

Defensive technologies

Technologies designed to protect against agricultural hazards.

Yield enhancing technologies

Innovative practices and tools aimed at improving crop yields.

Aquaculture

The cultivation of aquatic organisms in controlled environments.

Biofortification

The process of increasing the nutritional value of food crops.

Ecosphere

The system of interactions between living organisms and their environment.

Hypoxia

A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.

Ecosystem services

Benefits provided by ecosystems to humans.

Feedback loop

A system where outputs of a process are used as inputs.

Industrial agriculture

A large-scale farming practice that uses mechanization and mass production.

Agroecology

A scientific discipline that looks at ecological processes applied to agricultural production.

Horticultural crops

Crops that are grown for food, aesthetic, and medicinal purposes.

Cold chain

A temperature-controlled supply chain.

Phytonutrients

Naturally occurring compounds in plants that have beneficial effects on health.

Animal-source food

Foods derived from animals, including meat, dairy, and eggs.

Bioavailability

The degree to which nutrients are absorbed and utilized in the body.

Diet Culture

A set of beliefs that equate weight and body size with health and personal worth.

Fad Diet

A weight loss diet that promises dramatic results but is not sustainable.

US Dietary Guidelines

Recommendations for healthy eating and physical activity published by the USDA.

MyPlate

A visual guide to help create a healthy diet.

BMI (Body Mass Index)

A measure of body fat based on height and weight.

Food Desert

A geographic area with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.

Obesity Epidemic

The rapid increase in obesity rates, primarily in developing countries.

Practical Strategies

Realistic and actionable approaches to achieving health goals.