Lab Practical 1: Ferns

What is the difference between frond, pinna, and pinnule?

frond is the biggest leaf, Pinna is the smaller leaf, and Pinnule is the smallest leaf

What is the evolution of plants?

it begins with photosynthetic protist —> ancestral algae —> lower plants —> non vascular or vascular plants; If non vascular (phylum Bryophyta) —> mosses or liverworts or wormworts. If vascular it will be seedless vascular ferns or seed plants either gymnosperms or angiosperms

What is vascular tissue?

plants that have xylem and phloem and they transfer water and nutrients through the plant like veins but are more structured

What is vascular plants?

plants that have true stems, roots, and leaves

What is Alteration of Generations?

Begins with gametophyte —> gametes —>^fusion zygote —>^mitosis sporophyte —>^meiosis spores —>^mitosis gametophytes

What is syngamy?

it is the fusion of gametes (eggs and sperm) to form a zygote (diploid)

What is sexual reproduction?

new organism through producing gametes and syngamy (sperm+ egg)

What is asexual reproduction?

new cells or organisms usually through mitosis

What is antheridium?

produces sperm; diploid and gametophyte

What is Archegonium?

produces eggs; diploid and gametophyte

What is sporangium?

this is where spores are formed

What are spores?

haploid cells that are produced meiosis and divides by mitosis to form gametophytes

What is sporophyll?

a leaf that has sporangia