Fertility and Population Dynamics

These flashcards cover key terms related to fertility and population dynamics, including definitions of important concepts and theories related to demographic change.

Demographic Transition Theory

A theory that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops.

Crude Birth Rate

The number of live births occurring among the population in a given year, per 1,000 people.

Crude Death Rate

The number of deaths occurring among the population in a given year, per 1,000 people.

Natural Increase

The difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths during a specific period.

Intergenerational Wealth Flow

The transfer of economic resources and support between generations, significantly affecting fertility rates.

Contraceptive Use

The use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy during or following intercourse.

Infecundity

The inability to conceive after a year of unprotected sex, resulting from involuntary or voluntary causes.

Proximate Determinants of Fertility

Factors that directly influence fertility rates, including exposure to intercourse, conception, and gestation.

Fecundity

The potential for an individual or couple to conceive children.

Cultural Innovation

The introduction of new cultural elements or ideas that can influence family size preferences and reproductive behavior.

Postpartum Amenorrhea

The absence of menstruation after childbirth, which can affect fertility rates.

Dependency Ratio

The ratio of the number of dependents (aged zero to 14 and over 65) to the total working-age population, affecting economic sustainability.