Science Semester 1: NON CONTACT FORCES/ELECTRICITY

Watts

How much power a light is using

Amps

How fast the electrons are travelling into the lightbulb

Volts

How much pressure is going through a circuit.

Conductors

Materials with high electron mobility

Insulators

Materials with low electron mobility

Positively charged

More electrons than protons

Negatively charged

More protons than electrons

Electric currents

The movement of electrons

Open circuit/current

When a circuit is destroyed, meaning no energy/electricity is flowing

Magnetic field

The area around a magnet where there is magnetic force

North and South poles

The two ends on the magnet. These two ends will always be attracted to each other, but if you put two of the same poles together, they would repel each other

Magnet

An object that produces a magnetic field and can attract certain materials.

Permanent Magnet

A magnet that keeps its magnetism all the time without needing electricity.

Temporary Magnet

A material that becomes magnetic only when near a magnet, and quickly loses it.

Electromagnets

A magnet made by running electricity through a coil of wire, can be turned on/off.

Core

The material inside an electromagnet (usually iron) that helps make the magnetic field stronger.

Current

The flow of electricity through a wire, needed to create an electromagnet.

Attract

To pull toward — magnets attract materials like iron and steel.

Repel

To push away — like magnetic poles (north pushes away north, south pushes away south).

Like poles

Two of the same type (north + north or south + south); they repel.

Unlike poles

One north and one south; they attract each other.

Induced magnetism

When a non-magnet becomes temporarily magnetic by being near a magnet.

Magnetism

The force a magnet produces that can attract or repel materials.

Electromagnetic Induction

Creating electricity by moving a wire through a magnetic field.

Electromagnetic coil

Wire wrapped in a circle, used to make electromagnets stronger.

Magnetic flux

The amount of magnetic field passing through an area.

Stator

The part that does not move in a motor