PS251 - Linguistic Determinism + Relativity

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5 Terms

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Linguistic determinism

  • Strong version of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis which proposes that the language we speak determines the way we think and perceive the world (Whorf, 1954)

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Linguistic relativity

  • The weaker version of Spir-Whorf

  • Suggests that language influences thought but does not rigidly determine it

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Evidence for linguistic determinism

Little evidence for linguistic determinism

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Evidence for linguistic relativity

  • Winawer et al. (2007) found that Russian speakers whose language distinguishes between siniy (dark blue) and goluboy (light blue) were faster and more accurate than English speakers distinguishing between similar blues in colour judgement task

  • Effect disappeared when asked to perform verbal interference task, suggesting that language influenced their perception

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What do these findings indicate?

  • While thought is not constrained by language, the categories provided by one’s language can shape cognitive processing and perception