Hillgrove High School Honors World History Final Flashcards

Flashcards for review

The combination of religious and political authority in Ancient Egypt may be described as?

Theocracy

Which civilization developed the concept of the “Mandate of Heaven?”

China

Confucius believed that social order, harmony, and good government could be achieved if society was organized around five basic?

Relationships

The Qu’ran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of?

Islam

The most practiced religion in India is?

Hinduism

Who was the great Mauryan ruler who conquered India and spread Buddhism?

Asoka

This Greek philosopher taught by persistent questioning. He was eventually put to death for questioning the government. Who is it?

Socrates

Which political system had its foundations in Athens?

Democracy

The Pax Romana is best described as:

Roman Peace

In what way was the Roman political system different from the Greek political system in Athens?

Rome had a Republic, while Athens had a direct democracy.

Spartan society was famous for?

Military

The government of early Rome (approximately the first 500 years) can best be described as a?

Republic

All of the following can be said of Jesus EXCEPT that:

He wrote the New Testament

One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both?

Provide guidelines to govern religious and moral conduct

Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I._ A.Development of medical encyclopedias B.Development of algebra and astronomical tables C.Production of woolen carpets D.Production of literature, calligraphy, and geometric art “Contributions of…?”

Muslim culture

The growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages was primarily caused by the?

Invasions and barbarian raids threatened Western Europe

The Middle Ages in Western Europe was characterized by?

Lack of a strong central government.

In Europe during the Middle Ages, the institution that provided unification and stability was the?

Roman Catholic Church

In Europe, a long term effect of the Crusades was?

Increased trade between Europe and Asia

A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades was to?

Recover the Holy Land from the Muslims

The routes shown on the map illustrate the?

Trade routes between Europe and Asia

Based on the map, which conclusion can best be drawn about this region?

There was active trade among many countries.

The Five Pillars of Islam contain all of the following EXCEPT?

Military service

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo were similar in that both?

Traveled extensively and recorded their observations

European society during the Renaissance differed from European society during the Middle Ages in that during the Renaissance the emphasis was on…?

Classical learning and individualism were emphasized

The Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation were similar in that both were?

Encouraged people to question tradition

In Western Europe, a major immediate effect of the Reformation was a?

Decline in the authority of the Catholic Church

Which was a major result of the Reformation?

Religious unity in Europe was ended

One reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec and Inca empires rapidly is that?

The Spanish possessed superior military technology

In Latin America during the early period of Spanish colonialism, the deaths of large numbers of native people led to?

The importation of African slaves

According to the theory of mercantilism, colonies should be?

Benefit the parent country

The global transfer of foods, plants, animals, and diseases during the colonization of America’s is known as the?

Columbian Exchange

During the Age of Absolutism (1600’s and 1700’s) European monarchs tried to?

Centralize their political control

Westernization in Russia came about largely through the?

Efforts of Peter the Great

Which two speakers from the passage would support absolutism?

A and D

Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolas Copernicus, Galileo Galilee, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes? How were questions solved? Using what method?

Reason and observation

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they?

Challenged traditional beliefs

Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by applying ___ and _____ to figure things out.

Reason and natural law

Which speaker’s statement best reflects the ideas of the Enlightenment?

Speaker C

Which statement is a valid generalization about the immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789? (What effect did the Declaration of Rights of Man and the Laws of the Fourth of August have?)

The French middle class gained more power and rights

This drawing illustrates conditions that contributed primarily to the beginning of the?

French Revolution

Which conclusion can be drawn from this drawing?

The tax burden fell disproportionately on the Third Estate

What did the Napoleonic Code do?

Promoted equality

During the early 1800’s, which was a major influence on the struggle for political independence in Latin America?

The American and French Revolutions

Which of these situations was the direct result of the other three? nations of Latin America won independence revolutions occurred in North America and France the Napoleonic wars weakened Spain’s power creoles and mestizos became discontented with Spanish rule

Nations of Latin America won independence

Nationalism is most likely to develop in an area that has?

Common culture, language, and history

Which condition is most necessary to the process of industrialization in a society?

Availability of investment capital

Before a nation can begin to industrialize, that nation must first develop?

An adequate food supply

A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the?

Growth of cities and factory system

Adam Smith’s economic theory of laissez-faire capitalism proposes?

Businesses should be allowed to operate without government interference

A key principle of the economic theory of communism is?

The means of production should be owned by society as a whole

After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily because the Europeans were?

Sought raw materials and markets

Which statement best expresses the Western perspective regarding Rudyard Kipling’s “White Man’s Burden”?

Europeans felt it was their duty to civilize the people they conquered

One result of the Opium War was that China?

Granted extraterritorial rights to Westerners

In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into colonies, and controlled their economies. Which term refers to the situation described in this statement?

Imperialism

Which occurrence (event or time period) in Japanese history is described in the passage?

Meiji Restoration (Modernization)

The author of the passage suggests that Japan?

Was determined to modernize without being dependent on foreign nations

Which statement best describes the relationship between World War I and the Russian Revolution?

World War I created conditions within Russia that helped trigger a revolution

A major cause of World War I was?

Militarism

Which of the following terms associated with World War I does this cartoon illustrate?

Stalemate

Which front during WWI was characterized by trench warfare?

Western Front

Which of the following new type of warfare was introduced in World War I?

Poison gas

The Treaty of Versailles contributed to the economic instability in Germany after World War I by?

Demanding that Germany pay reparations

In the 1920’s and 1930’s, the rise of totalitarian governments in Germany, Italy, and Spain was largely the result of?

Severe economic and social problems

Fascism in Europe during the 1920’s and 1930’s is best described as a?

Form of totalitarianism that glorified the state above the individual

Which of the following leaders was not a fascist during World War II?

Winston Churchill

Under Josef Stalin, peasants in the Soviet Union were forced to?

Work on collective farms

One reason that Britain and France agreed to appease Hitler at the Munich Conference was to?

Avoid war with Germany

What conclusion can be drawn about the American island hopping campaign after viewing the cartoon?

The U.S. strategy to defeat Japan was working.

During World War II, which event occurred last?*

United States bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

What is the Cold War?

A state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare

What is containment?

U.S. policy to prevent the spread of communism

What is the Domino Theory?

Belief that if one nation fell to communism, other nations around it would fall as well

What is the Marshall Plan?

U.S. program to give economic aid to Europe after WWII

What is the Truman Doctrine?

U.S. pledge to provide economic and military aid to countries threatened by communism

What is Glasnost?

Soviet policy of openness under Mikhail Gorbachev

What is McCarthyism?

Anti-communist hysteria in the U.S. led by Senator Joseph McCarthy

What is SALT?

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

What is NATO?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

What is the Warsaw Pact?

Military alliance of communist nations led by the Soviet Union

What is the United Nations?

International organization to promote peace and cooperation

What is the Iron Curtain?

Imaginary boundary dividing communist Europe from the West

What is the 38th Parallel?

Line dividing North and South Korea

What is a satellite state?

Nation under the control of another country