Ch16 Complementary terms NOT built from word parts

exophthalmos

abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

goiter

enlargement of the thyroid gland. May be caused by autoimmune diseases of the thyroid (Graves disease or Hashimoto thyroiditis), iodine deficiency, or the presence of multiple nodules.

tetany

condition affecting nerves, causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium in the blood; caused by a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone

hormone

chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland that is carried in the blood to a target tissue

incretins

group of hormones produced by the gastrointestinal system that stimulate the release of insulin from the pancreas and help preserve the beta cells. Incretin mimetics are medications that copy this action and help control blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

metabolism

sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism