PERSIAN & PELOPONNESIAN WARS

Q: What started the Persian Wars?

A: The Ionian revolt and Athens’ support of it. Persian Wars

Q: Who won the Battle of Marathon?

A: The Athenians. Persian Wars

Q: Why is Salamis important?

A: The Athenian-led naval victory that turned the tide against Persia. Persian Wars

Q: What was the Delian League originally?

A: An alliance of Greek poleis against Persia.

Persian Wars

Q: How did the Delian League become an empire?

A: Athens forced members to pay tribute and prevented them from leaving the league. Persian Wars

Q: What does Thucydides identify as the “truest cause” of the Peloponnesian War?

A: Sparta’s fear of Athenian power. Peloponnesian War

Q: Name three flashpoints leading to the war.

A: Corcyra, Potidaea, Megarian Decree.
Peloponnesian War

Q: What was Pericles’ strategy?

A: Avoid open battle with Sparta; rely on walls, navy, and attrition.

Peloponnesian War

Q: What was the Sicilian Expedition?

A: A disastrous Athenian invasion of Sicily that destroyed much of their fleet and morale.

Peloponnesian War

Q: How did the Peloponnesian War end?

A: Athens surrendered in 404 BCE; its walls were torn down and Sparta became hegemon.

Peloponnesian War