Reproductive System

Anatomy

Bulbourethral Gland

male

size of a pea, below the prostrate
produces clearly slipper fluid that empties into urethra » lubricates and neutralize urethra

Vas Deferens

male

long muscular tube, goes from epididymis to bladder region (very long)

support and transport sperm to the urethra » preparing it for ejaculation

Glans Penis

male

end of the penis (head)

covered by foreskin (flap of the skin)

Bulb of Penis

male

where penis attaches to the body (attachment site)

Epididymis

male

long coiled tubes that are on top of the testes

sperm maturation site

Prostate

male

about the size of a walnut, right below the bladder

tends to grow as you age

make prostate fluid that nourish sperm to live outside the body

Scrotum

male

loose pouch-like sac on the outside of the body

holds and protects testes

climate control for testes to produce sperm

Seminal Vesicle

male

sac-like pouches

make sugar rich fluid (fructose) giving sperm energy

majority of semen is made by this

Testes

male

have 2 but can live with 1

reside in the scrotum

make hormones

Prepuce

male

foreskin

reduces friction during sexual intercourse

Urethra

male and female

end of the duct system

carries out urine and semen (in male)

Suspensory Ligament (male)

male and female

holds all reproductive parts

Mucosal/Submucosal Gland

release/secrete mucus to move semen

lubricate reproductive tract

Endometrium

female

inner layer of the uterus

where implantation occurs

constantly cycles through thickness

• thick: approaching ovulation

• thin: menstruation (sheds during period)

Fallopian tube

female

part of the duct system

receives the egg during ovulation, where fertilization occurs

• ectopic pregnancy: medical emergency if fertilization occurs in the tube

Uterus

female

hollow muscular tube

receives the embryo or egg

if implantation, nourishes the embryo

can expand to hold 5 liters

contracts during menstruation and labor

Cervix

female

very end of the uterus, opens to vagina

produces mucus for lubrication

opens and closes

• wide during ovulation for sperm to enter

during pregnancy: mucus plug forms to prevent entering of bacteria, holds baby in

Vagina

female

thin walled tube; birth canal

receives the penis or releases the baby out

Placenta

female

only present during pregnancy

helps nourish and maintain fetus through umbilical cord

helps produce hormones

Umbilical cord

female

connects placenta to the baby, contains arteries and veins

waste, gas, and nutrient exchange

have stem cells

Suspensory Ligaments (female)

hold reproductive parts in place

helps widen hips

Ovary

female

have 2; where eggs mature

1 egg per month until menopause

produce hormones

Mammary glanfs

male and female

produce milk

made of ducts that connect at the nipple

nipple has many holes controlled by hormones

• oxytocin

ducts don’t inflate until puberty