PREPOSITIONS

book from library (author: nguyễn phương mai)

ability for

có khả năng làm việc gì

in abundance/ abundance of

(in many tropical regions, fresh fruits are available in abundance throughout the year)
(countries with an abundance of natural resources often rely heavily on exports)

nhiều, dư thừa, vô số

an accompaniment to smt

(in many cultures, music is an important accompaniment to traditional ceremonies)
(technology should be seen as an accompaniment to education, not a replacement for teachers)

vật đi kèm theo cái gì/ điều gì đặc biệt

accomplice /əˈkʌmplɪs/
(in many countries, an accomplice receives nearly the same ppunishmentas the main offender)
(technology can help identify accomplices through surveillance footage)

kẻ đồng lõa, tòng phạm

in accordance with

(all building work must be carried out in accordance with saftety regulations)

theo, phù hợp với

an account of + N (event, experience, situation)

(the newspaper gave a detailed account of the earthquake that struck the region last week)
(i wrote a detailed account of a football match)

bản tường thuật một sự kiện

on no account

(on no account should food waste be ignored, given the global hunger crisis)
(on no account should journalists be prevented from reporting the truth)

không vì bất cứ lí do gì

(formal) be of no account

(in some traditional societies, the views of women were sadly considered of no account)
(emotional well-being is often treated as of no account in high-pressure workplaces)

unimportant, insignificant, does not matter

accusation of sb

(accusations without evidence should not influence public opinion)

buộc tội ai

out of action

(if public transport is out of action, it causes serious disruption in major cities)

không còn hoạt động

in action

(I got a chance to see a traditional weaving technique in action during my visit to a village)
(public health campaigns need to be in action constantly to preveent disease outbreaks)

đang tiến hành, hành động

in addition to smt

ngoài ra, thêm vào đó

admiration for sb/smt

=> have/show/express admiration for

(my teacher earned my admiration for the way she inspired students to love learning)

sự khâm phục

admission to N

(admission to top universities is highly competitive due to limited spaces)

được nhận vào

in advance of

(in advance of the exam, students are advised to revise thoroughly and get enough rest)
(the government issued warnings in advance of the approaching storm)

trước một sự việc, sự kiện

an advantage over sb

(younger athletes may have a physical advantage over older ones in high-intensity sports)

có lợi thế hơn

advice (n) on/about smt

lời khuyên về

affection for smt/sb

(my affection for books began when I was a child and has only grown stronger)
(I have always shown great affection for my grandparents)

cảm thấy yêu thích, có cảm tình với ai

affinity with sb/smt

=> have/feel/show an affinity with

(she has a strong affinity with nature, which is why she chose to study this major)
(i’ve always had an affinity with quiet places, such as libraries)

a natural connection, understanding

with the aid /eid/ of sb

(with the aid of modern technology, students can now access educational resources from anywhere in the world)

với sự hỗ trợ của ai

allegiance to sb /əˈliːdʒəns/

(religious allegiance can influence people’s decisions in daily life)

trung thành với ai

alliance /əˈlaɪəns/ with

(the allience with foreign investors brought significant economic growth)

(the country formed an alliance with its neighbors to strengthen regional security)

liên minh với

alliance against /əˈlaɪəns/

(environmental activists (= people who fight for a cause) created an alliance against illegal logging (= cutting down trees without permission))

(an alliance against climate change requires cooperation on a global scale (=worldwide level))

liên minh chống lại

allusion to smt /əˈluːʒn/

(the painting is an allusion to the artists’s personal struggles)

(many modern films make allusions to classic literature)

ám chỉ về điều gì

ambition for smt /æmˈbɪʃn/

(she has a strong ambition for academic excellence)

sự ham muốn cái gì

amusement at smt /əˈmjuːzmənt/

(amusement at cultural differences can help reduce tension (make things less uncomfortable) in international teams)

thích thú cái gì

anxiety for sb/sth /æŋˈzaɪəti/

(public anxiety for job security has increased due to automation (machines replacing human work))

(the community showed anxiety for the environment after the oil spill (a leak of petroleum into nature))

lo lắng về điều gì/ai

application for a job

đơn xin việc làm

application in studies

(she showed strong application in her studies, which led to excellent grades)

sự chăm chỉ học hành

approach to địa điểm

/əˈprəʊtʃ/ (ơ phúp ch)

(improving pedestrian approach to the city center is a priority (important) for local authorities)

lối đi tới một nơi nào đó

aptitude for + môn học /ˈæptɪtuːd/

(not everyone has an aptitude for creative subjects like art or music)

có năng khiếu về môn học

arrival at

(địa điểm nhỏ) đến nơi nào

arrival in

(địa điểm lớn) đến nơi nào

aspiration /ˌæspəˈreɪʃn/ for smt

(aspiration for environmental sustainability is becoming a priority worldwide)

(many students have a strong aspiration for higher education abroad)

lòng ao ước điều gì

assault on sb/sth

/əˈsɔːlt/ (ơ sốt t)

(the country launched an assault on drug trafficking operations near its borders (illegal drug trade))

tấn công ai/cái gì

assent to a plan/an opinion

(there was little assent to the idea of increasing tuition fees)

bằng lòng chấp nhận

in association with sb

/əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃn/

(the artist exhibited (showed) her work in association with a cultural foundation)

liên kết chặt chẽ với ai đó

astonishment at smt

/əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/

(I stared (looked intensely) in astonishment at the breathtaking view from the mountain top)

sự ngạc nhiên về điều gì

attachment to/for sb/sth

(attachment to technology can sometimes interfere with (negatively affect) real human connections)

sự lưu luyến dành cho ai/vật gì
strong emotional connection

attack on sb/place

(we should make an attack on enemy positions: vị trị của địch)

sự tấn công ai đó, ở nơi nào

attack of an illness

(he had a sudden attack of dizziness (/ˈdɪzinəs/ feeling unbalanced) while climbing the stairs)

(attack of food poisoning: ngộ độc)

một cơn đau

an attempt at doing smt

/əˈtempt/

(he made an attempt at learning japanese before the trip to tokyo)

thử làm điều gì

an attempt on one’s life

/əˈtempt/

an attempt was made on the president’s life

âm mưu hại ai

attendance at

(attendance at the conference exceeded expectations (was more than expected))

sự có mặt, sự tham dự

attraction to smt

sự lôi cuốn, hấp dẫn với cái gì

attraction for sb

sự hấp dẫn với ai

under the auspices of smt/sb

/ˈɔːspɪsɪz/

(we set up a business under the auspices of government)

dưới sự ủng hộ của ai đó

authority on smt

/əˈθɔːrəti/

(he became an authority on digital marketing after years of experience)

chuyên gia về đề tài nào

on average /ˈævərɪdʒ/

(the temperature in the region is on average 30 degrees Celsius /ˈselsiəs/ during summer, making it too hot for tourism)

tính trung bình

avenue to

/ˈævənuː/

(investing in renewable energy is an avenue to reducing carbon emissions)

con đường đưa tới

an aversion to sb/smt

/əˈvɜːrʒn/

(some students have an aversion to mathematics, often due to negative experiences at school)

sự ghét, ác cảm

background to

(the teacher gave students the background to the poem before asking them to analyze it)

bối cảnh đối với

be in the balance

(with rising sea levels and frequent extreme weather events, the future of many coastal cities is in the balance)

bấp bênh, không chắc chắn

on balance

(on balance, raising fuel prices may reduce traffic but it could also harm low-income families)

xem xét, cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng

bargain with sb

/ˈbɑːrɡən/

(It’s common to bargain with street vendors in some cultures as part of the shopping experience)

mặc cả giá với ai

a base for

(this theory offers a base for understanding human behavior in social situations)

cơ sở cho

on the basis of smt

(scholarships are awarded on the basis of academic merit (good grades) and financial need)

dựa trên cơ sở của

battle with/against sb/smt

(the company is battling with increased competition in the global market)

(many families battle with financial difficulties during economic recessions (periods when the economy shrinks))

cuộc chiến đấu với

a belief in smt

sự tin tưởng về cái gì

beneficence to

/bɪˈnefɪsns/

(the philanthropist’s beneficence to impoverished communities was evident in the construction of schools) /fɪˈlænθrəpɪst/

lòng từ tâm với

a beneficiary of smt

/ˌbenɪˈfɪʃieri/

(the charity ensures that all donations directly reach the beneficiaries)

người hưởng lợi từ

for the benefit of smt

(the city introduced green public transport policies for the benefit of the environment)

vì lợi ích của

a bid /bid/ for smt

(the actors’s role in the new movie is a bid for an Oscar)

=> a bid for + goal

sự cố gắng đạt được

the bill for

=> the bill for lunch/ food/ electricity

giá đơn của

a blueprint for smt

(the government released a blueprint for economic recovery after the crisis)

(the blueprint for urban development focuses on sustainable housing and transport)

kế hoạch cho cái gì

a book about

sách viết về

a book on

(he bought a book on vegan cooking to try new recipes)

sách về một đề tài

the boundary between

/ˈbaʊndri/

(the boundary between work and personal life should be respected to maintain balance)

(the boundary between land and sea is often affected by tides (the rise and fall of the sea))

ranh giới, giới hạn

a boycott on

/ˈbɔɪkɑːt/

(people should have a boycott on contraband /ˈkɑːntrəbænd/ (cấm) goods)

(the boycott on fossil fuels aims to reduce reliance on polluting energy sources)

sự tẩy chay

a brake on

(the recent restrictions have become a brake on international business)

sự chặn lại, kìm hãm

a break in

(there was a break in the rain, so we went outside for a walk)

(have you ever met a break in telephone communications?)

sự gián đoạn

a break from

(taking a break from technology helps reduce eye strain and improve sleep)

sự thoát ra khỏi

in brief /briːf/

tóm lại, nói gọn lại

on

(her life is on the brink of the grave)

(after months of losses, the company was on the brink of bankruptcy)

gần kề, bên bờ vực

be a burden to sb /ˈbɜːrdn/

(the cost of healthcare can be a financial burden to low-income families)

là gánh nặng đối với

a by-product of

(stress can be a by-product of a high-pressure job)

(plastic waste is a by-product of many consumer products)

a thing that happens, often unexpectedly, as the result of smt else

candidate for

/ˈkændɪdeɪt/

(after several interviews, she emerged as the ideal candidate for the marketing role)

ứng cử viên

capacity for

(time focus: present khác potential for (tương lai))

/kəˈpæsəti/

(the plant has a high capacity for growth in tropical environments)

khả năng về

the case for

(the researchers presented the case for banning single-use plastics)

lí lẽ tán thành

cause for

/kɔːz/

(a decline in student literacy rates should be a cause for alarm in the education sector)

lí do để

caution against + N/Ving

/ˈkɔːʃn/ /əˈɡeɪnst/

(many nutritionists caution against excessive sugar intake)

(doctors caution against self-medicating without professional advice)

cẩn thận đề phòng

(warn sb about the possible dangers or problems of smt)

with certainty

/ˈsɜːrtnti/

(no one can know with certainty the full consequences of AI replacing human workers)

sự tin chắc, chắc chắn

a change of smt

(many people seek a change of scenery to reduce stress and boost creativity)

ngữ cảnh: social/political shifts và personal growth/perspective

sự thay đổi về

a change of heart

(he experienced a change of heart about studying abroad after visiting the university)

a new opinion or feeling

a change in

(there has been a significant change in temperature over the past decade due to global warming)

ngữ cảnh: inside a system, attitude

sự thay đổi trong

in charge of sb/smt

/tʃɑːrdʒ/

(the coach is in charge of training the athletes for the upcoming competition)

chịu trách nhiệm về ai, cái gì

cheque (n)

/tʃek/

tấm séc

a cheque for

séc trị giá

by cheque

bằng séc

companion (n)

/kəmˈpænjən/

a person/animal that travels with you or spends a lot of time with you

a choice of companions

(a person’s upbringing often shapes their values, which in turn guide their choice of companions)

sự chọn bạn

in/under the circumstance

/ˈsɜːkəmstəns/

(in difficult circumstance, people often show great resilience and strength)

trong tình huống như vậy

claim to sth

(the family made a legal claim to the property after the owner passed away)

(they claim to own the land near the river)

đòi điều gì

(you say u own smt or smt is true about you even if others may not agree)

claim on sb/smt

(the employees have a claim on better working conditions)

quyền đòi

the clue to smt

/kluː/

(the clue to solving the murder was a single fingerprint found on the broken window)

manh mối

collision with sb/sth

/kəˈlɪʒn/

(the cyclist died after a collision with a speeding car at an intersection)

(globalization often results in a collision with local cultural traditions, leading to identity loss)

xung đột, va chạm với ai, với việc gì

in combination with sb/sth

/ˌkɑːmbɪˈneɪʃn/

(urban heat is intensified (increase) when rising temperatures occur in combination with air pollution)

hòa hợp, phối hợp với

(war) be in command of

/kəˈmɑːnd/

(she was in command of the medical team that responded to the earthquake emergency)

chỉ huy

comment on sth

(social media users were quick to comment on the controversial (gây tranh cãi) advertisement)

sự phê bình, bình luận

in common with sb/sth

(the languages spoken in this region have many words in common with neighboring dialects (ngôn ngữ địa phương))

(I have nothing in common with jane)

có điểm chung