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GCSE Chemistry - Structure, Bonding and Properties Ionic, Covalent, Metallic
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative mass of an electron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is ionic bonding between?
A metal and non-metal
If an element loses an electron it forms what ion?
A 1+
Why are ionic compounds solid at room temperature?
They are arranged in a giant lattice structure that is held together with strong electrostatic attraction
In what states can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When they are liquid or have been dissolved in water
What does covalent bonding occur between?
Two non-metals
How does covalent bonding work?
The atoms share electrons so they both have a full outer-shell
Why do simple covalent molecules have a low boiling point?
They are held together by weak intermolecular forces and don’t require much energy to break
Are covalent bonds weak or strong?
Strong
Can covalent molecules conduct electricity? Why?
They have no delocalised electrons
How many times can a carbon atom bond?
4
Why is diamond hard?
Each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms
Why can graphite conduct electricity
It has delocalised electrons because each carbon atom only bonds three times
Why is graphite slippery
It is in layers that can easily slide over each other because they are held together with weak intermolecular forces
What does metallic bonding happen between
Metals only
How are metals held together
Strong electrostatic attraction
What are alloys
A mixture of metals
Why are alloys stronger than pure metals
They contain different sized particles that distort the layers so they cannot easily slide over each other
What are polymers made from
Monomers
How are monomers joined
Covalent bonds
What are fullerenes
Spherical hollow shaped molecules of carbon
What is a medical use for fullerenes
Drug delivery
Note 
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