Unit 1 - pages 8-9 | Quizlet

affluent

having a lot of money and being able to live comfortably | Most towns have private schools for the children of _____ families.

bring up

to raise and care for a child until they are grown up | It's not easy to _____ children in such a busy city.

buzz (about)

an exciting and lively atmosphere in a place | London has a real _____ and attracts people from all over the world.

buzzing

full of activity and excitement | The club was still _____ at three in the morning.

chaotic

very busy and disorganized | Conditions at the airport were _____ during the holiday season.

chaotically

in a very disorganized way | The station was _____ busy on Friday evening.

chaos

a state of complete confusion and disorder | The meeting ended in _____.

choke on something

to have difficulty breathing because food or another object is stuck in your throat | Isabel nearly _____ a piece of meat.

choke to death

to die because you cannot breathe | Two of the prisoners _____ on the toxic smoke.

congested

full of traffic so that movement is very slow | The roads are heavily _____ during rush hour.

congestion

a situation in which there is too much traffic | Traffic _____ is a serious problem in large cities.

crammed

extremely crowded or full | The bus was so _____ that I couldn't find a seat.

cram into

to force people or things into a small space | We all _____ his tiny car for the trip.

crawl

to move very slowly | Traffic was _____ along the motorway.

at a crawl

moving extremely slowly | Traffic was moving _____ through the tunnel.

crumble

to break into small pieces | The old wall started to _____ after the rain.

deprived

lacking things needed for a healthy and comfortable life (adj) | Many charities help children from _____ areas.

deprive

to prevent someone from having something they need | They were _____ of sunlight living so far north.

derelict

abandoned and in very bad condition | There are several _____ buildings near the station.

development

a new group of buildings or housing | A new residential _____ is being built near the park.

dingy

dark and not attractive | The basement room was dark and _____.

drawback

a disadvantage or problem of something | One _____ of living in the city is the noise.

fine (verb)

to make someone pay money as a punishment | You can be _____ for littering in public places.

fine (noun)

money paid as a punishment | He got a _____ for speeding.

flash (v/n)

to shine brightly for a short time | Lightning _____ across the sky.

fumes

harmful gases or smoke in the air | You should wear a mask to avoid breathing in the _____.

gated

protected by gates and restricted access | He lives in a _____ community for extra safety.

gentrification

the process of making a poor area more expensive and fashionable | Rising rents are often caused by _____.

gentrify

to make an area more expensive and attractive to wealthier people | The village has been _____ in recent years.

grand

large / impressive and important | The event took place in a _____ hotel.

grind to a halt

to gradually stop completely | Production _____ because of technical problems.

halt

a stop or interruption | The accident brought the project to a _____.

(sound your) horn

a device in a vehicle that makes a loud warning sound | If you're in danger, _____ your _____.

humid (humidity)

the amount of water in the air | The high _____ made everyone uncomfortable. | Summers are very _____ in this region.

infrastructure

the basic systems and services a place needs to function | The city needs to improve its transport _____.

insane

extremely crazy or unreasonable / dangerous | The queue outside the stadium was _____.

insanity

the state of being mentally ill or extremely unreasonable | He was found not guilty because of temporary _____.

littering (drop litter)

dropping rubbish in public places | Heavy fines can reduce _____ in city centres.

metro system

an underground railway system in a city | The city's _____ is fast and reliable.

neglected

not looked after properly | The area has become _____ and needs rebuilding.

outskirts

околиця міста / the outer areas of a city | They live on the _____ of the city.

packed

extremely crowded | The beach was _____ with tourists.

residential

relating to housing and places where people live | It is a quiet _____ area.

run-down

old and in poor condition | The house looked very _____ before it was renovated.

seek

to try to find something | Many graduates _____ employment after university.

settle down

to start living a stable life in one place | They decided to _____ in Spain.

smog

polluted air that looks like fog | The city often suffers from heavy _____.

run smoothly

to function without problems | The transport system usually _____.

spotless

perfectly clean | The hotel room was absolutely _____.

sprawling

covering a large area in an untidy way / величезний | We visited a _____ university campus.

spring up

to appear or develop quickly | New hotels are _____ all over the city.

take someone by surprise

to happen unexpectedly | The sudden storm _____.

without trace (a trace of)

a very small amount of it, or a sign that shows it had existed or been

somewhere | There wasn't a _____ of litter anywhere.

tram

a vehicle that runs on tracks in a city | I take the _____ to work every day.

unbearable

too unpleasant to accept or endure | The heat was absolutely _____.

up-and-coming

becoming more successful and popular | It's an _____ neighbourhood with many new businesses.

utter

complete and total | The play was an _____ disaster.

vibrant

full of energy and activity | The city has a _____ nightlife.

well-run

efficiently organized and managed | We stayed in a very _____ hotel.