Science 9 Biology - Cell Structure and Microscopy Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards about cell structure and microscopy, based on the provided lecture notes.

Cell

The smallest living part, the building block of life.

Eukaryotic cell

Cells which contain their DNA in a nucleus.

Nucleus

Controls all activities of the cell.

Cytoplasm

Where most chemical reactions take place.

Cell membrane

Controls what substances go in and out of the cell.

Mitochondria

Where aerobic respiration takes place, releases energy for the cell to use.

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis (where proteins are made).

Cell wall

Strengthens the cell, provides support.

Chloroplasts

Contain chlorophyll, absorb light to do photosynthesis.

Permanent vacuole

Stores sap, helps to keep plant cells rigid to provide support.

Prokaryotes

Do not have a nucleus.

Flagella

To allow the cell to swim and move around.

Coarse Focus

This knob moves the stage up and down by large amounts to bring the specimen into focus using low power objective lenses.

Electron Microscope

A microscope that uses a beam of electrons instead of light, high magnification and resolution allow them to see inside cells.

Eyepiece Lens

Found at the top of the microscope, the part used to look through. It has a standard magnification of 10x.

Focus

Moving the specimen closer or further away from the objective lens to make the image clearer or sharper.

Light Microscope

A light microscope uses visible light to detect and magnify very small objects.

Magnification

The magnifying power of an instrument.

Objective Lens

The lenses used for specimen visualization. Each lens has its own magnification power

Stage

This is the platform section on which the specimen is placed for viewing.

Capsule

A gel-like layer around the outside of a bacterium that can protect the cell and stop it from drying out.

Flagella

Protrusions from some prokaryotic cells that helps them to move.

Plasmid

Circular loops of DNA in bacteria which contain useful genes.