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Senate
One of the two chambers of Congress, consisting of 100 members (two per state), responsible for confirming presidential appointments and ratifying treaties.
House
The House of Representatives, the lower chamber of Congress, consisting of 435 members apportioned based on state populations.
Constituent
A person who is represented by an elected official in government.
Implied Powers
Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but derived from the Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause).
Enumerated Powers
Powers explicitly granted to Congress by the Constitution, such as the power to tax and regulate commerce.
Revenue
Money collected by the government, primarily through taxes, to fund public services.
Tax Revenue
Government income generated from taxation.
Budget
A financial plan outlining government expenditures and revenues for a specific period.
Speaker of the House
The presiding officer of the House of Representatives, elected by the majority party, and second in the presidential line of succession.
Filibuster
A tactic used in the Senate to delay or block legislative action by extending debate indefinitely.
Cloture
A Senate procedure requiring a three-fifths majority (60 votes) to end a filibuster and proceed to a vote.
Rules Committee
A powerful House committee that sets the terms for debate and amendments on bills.
Committee of the Whole
A procedure used in the House to expedite legislation by allowing a faster debate with fewer restrictions.
Discharge Petitions
A House process that forces a bill out of committee for a floor vote if signed by a majority of representatives.
Entitlements
Government programs that provide benefits to individuals who meet specific eligibility requirements, such as Social Security and Medicare.
Discretionary Spending
Government spending that is negotiated through the annual budget process and is not mandated by law.
