CIT301: Structured Programming Course Guide

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and foundational knowledge in structured programming based on the CIT301 course guide.

Structured Programming

A programming paradigm that emphasizes dividing programs into small and manageable modules.

Monolithic Programming

A programming style where the entire code is written as a single function, making it difficult to maintain and debug.

Modular Programming

A programming approach that divides a program into separate subprograms or modules for easier management and maintenance.

Function Declaration

A prototype that specifies the function's name, the types of its parameters, and its return type.

Function Definition

The actual body of a function that contains the code to be executed.

Call by Value

A method of passing arguments to a function where a copy of the actual value is passed, making the original value unaffected.

Call by Reference

A method of passing arguments to a function where the address of the variable is passed, allowing the function to modify its value.

Arrays

A collection of similar data items stored at contiguous memory locations and accessed using indices.

One-Dimensional Array

An array that holds a series of values in a linear form.

Two-Dimensional Array

An array that stores data in tabular form (rows and columns).

String in C

A contiguous sequence of characters terminated by a null character ('\0').

Pointer

A variable that stores the address of another variable.

Comma operator

An operator that evaluates two expressions and returns the value of the second expression.

The printf() function

A standard library function used to output formatted data.

The scanf() function

A standard library function used to read formatted input.

Control Structures

Statements that control the flow of execution in a program, including sequential, selection, and iterative statements.

If Statement

A control structure that executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.

Switch Case Statement

A control structure that executes a block of code based on the value of a variable.

Looping Statement

A control structure that allows executing a block of code repeatedly, such as for, while, and do-while loops.

Logical Operators

Operators that perform logical operations, allowing conditional statements to evaluate true or false.

Arithmetic Operators

Operators that perform mathematical calculations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Relational Operators

Operators used to compare values, returning true or false based on the comparison.

Debugging

The process of finding and fixing errors or bugs within a program.

Function Arguments

Values passed to a function when it is called, which can be received as parameters in the function definition.

Character Set in C

A collection of valid characters that make up identifiers, keywords, and other aspects of code in C programming.

Variable

A named memory location used to store data that can change during program execution.

Constant

A fixed value that cannot be changed during program execution.