The Seven-Step Moral Reasoning Model

Scott Rae

developed The Seven-Step Moral Reasoning by ethicist

1. Gather the Facts

Begin by collecting all relevant information about the situation. Understanding the context and specifics is crucial, as some dilemmas can be clarified or resolved by simply having a complete picture of the facts. This foundational step ensures that decisions are based on accurate and comprehensive data.

2. Determine the Ethical Issues

Identify and clearly articulate the moral questions or conflicts present in the situation. This involves recognizing the competing interests or values that create the dilemma. Clearly stating these issues helps in focusing the analysis and understanding the core ethical challenges involved.

3. Determine What Virtues/Principles Have a Bearing on the Case

Identify the ethical principles, values, or virtues relevant to the situation. These may stem from philosophical theories, cultural norms, legal standards, or religious teachings. Understanding which principles apply provides a framework for evaluating possible actions and their moral implications.

4. List the Alternatives

Generate a comprehensive list of possible courses of action. Being imaginative and considering a wide range of options can lead to more effective and ethically sound decisions. This step encourages thinking beyond binary choices, exploring various ways to address the dilemma.

5. Compare the Alternatives with the Virtues/Principles

Evaluate each alternative by assessing how it aligns with the identified virtues and principles. This comparison helps in eliminating options that conflict with core ethical values and highlights those that uphold moral standards. It ensures that the chosen action is consistent with ethical commitments.

6. Consider the Consequences

Analyze the potential outcomes of each remaining alternative. While the model prioritizes principles and virtues, understanding the consequences is essential to ensure that actions do not lead to unintended harm. This step involves weighing the benefits and drawbacks of each option, considering both short-term and long-term effects.

7. Make a Decision

After thorough analysis, select the course of action that best aligns with ethical principles and is supported by the evaluation of consequences. This decision should be justifiable, reflecting a well-reasoned and principled approach to the moral dilemma. It involves committing to the chosen action and being prepared to take responsibility for the outcomes.