APWH 1.1- Developments in East Asia from c. 1200 to c. 1450

Foot - Binding

A practice in Chins common within elites to wrap feet tightly so that they don’t grow. No need to stand up = rich, meaning feet=status

(also showed patriarchy)

Patriarchy

Men-dominated society. Includes women’s subordination to men (ex. Chinese Foot-Binding)

Civil Service Examination

An exam given to people who want to enter Chinese bureaucracy. A test based on Confucian principles and meritocracy, meaning higher score gives you higher position.

Song Dynasty

Chinese Dynasty from 960-late 1200’s in East Asia. It is known for its Proto-Industrial characteristics, as well as a new spread of Buddhism and Confucianism. 

How did the Song Dynasty collapse?

• Weak military b/c of bureau and education stress

• Increased sea trade, limiting the taxing going on in the Silk Road

• Political corruption within things such as the Civil Service Exam (getting exclusive)

• Invaded by Mongols to create the Yuan Dynasty

Neo-Confucianism

A combination of Conf.+Dao.+Budd. Using these new principles, it shaped the main belief to the needs of the empire at the time

“Confucianism Revival”

Grand Canal

Made during Sui Dynasty and helped with internal communication and exchange, and also the Song expanded this canal to connect their rivers.

Filial Piety

5 Key Relationships + Respect for the elders and the emperor (Conf. believed this led to social harmony)

Champa Rice

Rice from Vietnam. Good for ripening twice a year, fast-growing, and drought resistant.

Fed China —> More people —> More productivity in gov’t and society overall

Some Chinese Money-Makers

• Silk

• Porcelain

• Magnetic Compass

• Junkships

• Paper money (flying cash)

• Gunpowder

• Cast iron goods

U DO NOT NEED TO KNOW ALL

Silk Road

Major trade network in Afro-Eurasia. Allowed diffusion of goods and ideas, the spread of religion, and interconnection of states far away.

Commercialization

Tactic of eco. by engaging in trade solely for profit

• China was commercialized and gained more than they spent, leading to prospering economy

Extended Family

Belief of many generations of family in one house, such as grandparents and further.

Scholar Gentry

New class created due to bureaucratic expansion. A Confucian class of bureaucratic scholars, from Civil Service exams and high social class.

Meritocracy

A form of gov’t that is based on merit. “You EARN your spot”. Helped only keep quality people in gov’t, making a quality gov’t.

Tributary Relationship

“Pay to be friends”. Smaller states payed tribute to larger state for protection and not be attacked by them. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam were tributes of China. This led to everyone getting stuff from the Candy Salad (aka. Confucianism and Civil Service

Sinification

Fancy word for states adopting Chinese belief, innovation, and culture.