NCE Stages

Super's Stages

Growth, Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance, Disengagement

Super's Life Roles

Child

Student

Leisurite

Citizen

Worker

Spouse / Partner

Homemaker

Parent

Pensioner

Ginzberg's stages

Three stages: fantasy, tentative, realistic career choices.

Jensen and tuckman's group stages

forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning.

Yalom's group stages

orientation, conflict, cohesion, and termination

Yalom's Therapeutic Factors

- Universality

- Instillation of hope

- Imparting of information

- Altruism

- Corrective repeat of the family of origin

- Development of social skills

- Imitative behavior

- Interpersonal learning

- Group cohesiveness

- Catharsis

- Learning to accept painful aspects of life

Roe's fields

service, business contact, organizations, technology, outdoor, science, general culture, and arts/entertainment

Roe's levels

Professional and managerial I and II, Semiprofessional and small business, Skilled, Semiskilled, Unskilled

Sue and Sue's racial/cultural identity development model

conformity, dissonance, resistance and immersion, introspection, integrative awareness

Lazarus' Theory

B-Behavior like habits and reactions.

A- affective responses like emotions

S- sensations like hearing touch

I-images, how we perceive ourselves,

C-cognitions

I-interpersonal relationships

D- drugs including alcohol

William Perry's college-level stages

Dualism

Multiplicity

Relativism

Commitment

Keegan's six stages

incorporative, impulsive, Imperial, interpersonal, institutional, and interindividual

Loevinger's stages of ego development

conformist, conscientious-conformist, conscientious, individualistic, autonomous, and integrated

Holland's personality types

realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional

Carkhuff 5 point scale

empathy, genuineness, concreteness, and respect

Beck's cognitive triad of depression

1. negative views of the self

2. negative views of the world

3. negative views of the future

Rollo May's 3 dimensions of existential reality

umwelt, mitwelt, eigenwelt

Meichelbaum' stress-innoculation technique (cognitive restructuring)

educational phase

rehearsal phase

application phase

Yalom's curative factors

family reenactment, catharsis, group cohesiveness

3 types of groups

primary, secondary, tertiary

Ginzberg stages of career development

fantasy (childhood) tentative (teen years) realistic (age 17)

life script categories

the never scripts (this will never happen to me)

the always scripts (I will always be this way)

after scripts (I will always behave this way after something happens)

open ended scripts (no direction or plan),

until scripts (not allowed to feel good until a certain accomplishment or even arrives)

desirable scripts/less desirable scripts

Gottfredson's stages

Orientation to Size and Power (Ages 3-5):

Orientation to Sex Roles (Ages 6-8):

Orientation to Social Valuation (Ages 9-13)

Orientation to the Internal, Unique Self (Ages 14 and up)

Gestalt layers

phony

phobic (fear of others' rejection)

impasse (stuck)

implosive (willingness to expose true self)

explosive (authentic)

Allen E. Ivey has postulated three types of empathy

basic

subtractive (counselor behavior does not completely convey an understanding of what has been communicated)

additive (adds to client's understanding and awareness)

George Gazda's 3 distinctive types of groups

guidance (psychoeducation)

counseling

psychotherapy (more problems present)

Tiedman & O'Hara's decision stages

exploration

crystallization

choice

clarification

John Krumboltz's social learning theory, 4 factors

1) genetic endowment

2) environmental conditions & life events

3) learning experiences

4) task approach skills

Gelatt Decision Model three categories

1) predicative

2) value

3) decision

Linda Gottfredson's theory of circumscription and compromise

phase one - rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, stereotypes, social class

phase two - change mind, major, career

Edgar H. Schein's eight career anchors

(1) autonomy/independence

(2) security/stability

(3) technical/functional competence

(4) general managerial competence

(5) entrepreneurial creativity

(6) service/dedication to a cause

(7) pure challenge

(8) lifestyle

S.S. Stevens 4 Measurement scales

nominal - classifies and names, no quantitative information ordinal - rank orders variables

interval

ratio

ACA Ethics 5 Values

1) enhance human development across the lifespan

2) embrace diversity

3) promote social justice

4) safeguard integrity of counseling relationship

5) practice in safe / ethical manner

6 Ethical Foundational Principles

1) autonomy

2) maleficence

3) beneficence

4) justice

5) fidelity

6) veracity

Gerald Caplin's stages for consultation model

entry

diagnosis

implementation

evaluation

Satir's 4 styles of miscommunication

Placator

Blamer

Super-reasonable

Distractor

Minuchin's Structural Family Therapy

Families are governed by their structure (covert rules of family transactions.)

- The power hierarchy influences the existing structure.

- The goal is to create an effective hierarchical structure.

Gottman's 6 predictors of divorce

1) marriage gets off to harsh start

2) relationship negativities = criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling

3) flooding of negative feelings

4) body languages changes pulse

5) attempts to repair marriage fail

6) lack of fond memories of early times

4 Processes of MI

1. Engaging

2. Focusing

3. Evoking

4. Planning

Downward Arrow Technique

(1) identifying a particular activating event

(2) asking the client what this situation means

(3) continuing to ask the same question until one or more dysfunctional beliefs are revealed

Fowler's +6 Stages

0 - Undifferentiated / Primal Faith

1 - Intuitive-Projective Faith

2 - Mythic-Literal Faith

3 - Synthetic-Conventional Faith

4 - Individuative-Reflective Faith

5 - Conjunctive Faith

6 - Universalizing Faith