FULL THING OF WORLD CIV MID

Abstraction

Art that simplifies, alters, or departs from realistic appearance

Expressionism

Art that emphasizes emotional impact over realistic representation.

Ionic abstraction

Simplification that preserves enough features for a figure or object to remain recognizable.

Idealism (naturalistic)

Depicting subjects as perfected versions of reality, emphasizing beauty and harmony.

Naturalism

Representing subjects as they appear in nature with convincing realism.

Non objective abstraction

Art that contains no recognizable objects from the real world

Symbolic abstraction

Simplified forms that communicate ideas or meanings rather than realistic appearances. 

Verism

An extremely realistic style that highlights ordinary details, imperfections, and individual characteristics

Divi filius

Latin for son of the divine one. Used to describe augustus

Eclecticism

The combination of elements from different artistic styles or traditions.

Verism

A highly realistic style emphasizing age, imperfections, and individual features

Visual quotation

The deliberate borrowing or reference to earlier artworks or styles. EX: greek heroism Kourus and kore

Thauma

Perishable materials

Materials that decay over time, such as wood, cloth, and leather.

Terrocatta

Baked clay used for sculpture, pottery, and architectural decoration.

Tumuli

Large earthen burial mounds covering tombs.

Styilized

Represented in a simplified or exaggerated artistic manner rather than realistically.

Eclecticism

The combination of elements from different artistic styles or traditions

Foursquare

blocky architectural plan

Poikilia

Variety, complexity, or richness in visual appearance. EX: color

Seership

Thauma

Wonder. (Radiance, motion, giganticism, precious materials, skillful craftsmanship, paradoxes

Contrapasso

Relaxed standing. One leg stiff and the other arm stiff

Kouros

Manly men. Heriocism is nakey and hero

Kore

Clothed, beautiful. women

Legend of the Bull

Minoan and Greek myths involving bulls, including the Minotaur and bull-leaping traditions (Ex: the riding the bull and dancing on it. The fresco).

Juktas

A mountain on Crete associated with Minoan religious worship. (where a famous Peak sanctuary is)

Polyvalence

Multiple meanings in one art piece

Peak sanctuaries

Minoan religious sites located on mountaintops.

Phenomenology

The study of how people experience and perceive places, objects, and environments.

Sir Arthur Evans

Guys who found Knossos

Cuneiform​

The earliest writing system developed in mesopotamia wherewedge shapes would be pressed into clay

Hieratic Scale

The bigger something is the more important it is

Votive offering

sacrifices to the gods, but the sacrifices are pieces of art

Ziggurat

Pyramid with flat top and temple on top

Animation/Animism

Showing life in a still image and the belief that animals and people have a life force that can be encapsulated

Conceptual image, Composite view, twisted perspective​-

Different parts of a figure are shown at two different points

Pareidolia

the phenomenon where the brain perceives a pattern, face, or meaningful image in random things or data. Ex: a cloud

Post and Lintel

building method where two pillars hold up a horizontal beam. (EX: temples)

Relief sculpture

Sculpture with stuff carved out of it, extending out instead of bending in.

Chauvet Cave paintings. 34,000-32,000BCE stone age. Red orche, charcoal, yellow orche

Makapansgat pebble. Resembling human face. 3,000,000 BCE. Stone Age . Jasperiterdd cobble

Venus of Willendorf. 28,000-25,000BCE. Stone Age-willendorf. Limestone and red orche

Bear skull altar. 32,000-30,000BCE. Stone age. Chauvet cave. Bone and stone

Hall of the Bulls. 16,000-14,000 BCE. Stone Age. Lauzax. Hematite, Charcoal, orcher, limonite

Gobekli Tepi relief pillars. 9,000BC. Mesopotamia. Limestone

White Temple. 3300BC. Mesopotamia. Quartz, crystal

Gudea seated holding plans of temple. 2150BC. Mesopotamia- sumer. Diorite

Ziggurat, 2100BC. Mesopotamia-Sumer, mud bricks, limestone, bitumen

Gilgamesh Tablet, 700-600BC Neo-Assyrian. Clay tablet

Assyrian hanging gardens relief wall painting. 639-631 BC. Mesopotamia- Assyria. Limestone, orcher

The ziggurat of Etemenanki. 625-562 BCE. Mesopotamia- Babylon. Bricks and glazed bricks

Tholos Tomb with annuxes. 1220-1200Prehistoric Agean-Crete, stone, sometimes marble

No memorize

Stairwell in residential quarter of the palace. 1700-1370BC. Agean. Crete-Knossos. Limestone

Leaping bull fresco. 1525-1450BC Prehistoric Agean, Crete-Knossos. Fresco

Phaistos, central court of palace looking north, double peak. Minoan peak sanctuary in background. 1500-1450BC. Horns of consecration too. Ashlar stone blocks

Crete, Knossos.

Goddess receiving saffron from a female worshiper. 1625-1525BCE. Minoan-alroktiri. Fresco painted.

Knossos throne room in palace. 1525-1450BCE. Crete-Knossos. Limestone

Dolphin Fresco in the light well room. 1525-1450 BC.

No memorize

Clay Octopus Vase from Crete. 1500BCE. Palaikastro

Red neck Amphora of Greek pursuing Persian. 500-480BCE. Athens-Classical. Terracotta

Kouros statue. 590 BCE Inspired by Egypt. Greece Attica-Archaic Greek sculpture. Marble

Marble funerary Kore. 540BCE. Attica- Archaic. Had color once (poikilla)

Bronze Apollo from Piraeus. 500BCE. Delos. Bronze

Temple of Hera I. 550BCE. Classical Greek. Paestum Italy. Before classical. Travertine stone

Themistoklean wall Made if the rubble and fragments of the ruined temples. 479 BCE. Greece-Early Classical. Rubble, stone, remains of a destroyed athens. Builders under Themistocles

Athena Parthenos. 438BC. Greece- high classical. Gold, ivory. Phidias

Zeus hurling thunderbolt. 460-450 BC. Greece if cape artemision—early classical. “THAUMA”. Bronze

Radiance, motion, giganticism, precious, skilled, paradox

Aphrodite statue recreated. 350-340BC. Greece- Late classical. Marble. Praxiteles

Nike by painios if Mende, Olympia. 420BCE. Olympia- high classical. Marble

Tumuli in the badnitaccia necropolis. 700-200BCE. Mud, grass, wood. Cerveteri. Etruscan- archaic

Apulu (Apollo from Veii.) from roof of portonaccio temple. Veii. 510-500BCE Estruscan- archaic. Painted terracotta. Vulca

Sarcophagus with reclining couple from banditaccia necropolis. 520BCE. Etruscan- archaic. Painted terrocata

Interior of tomb of the leopards, Monterozzi necropolis. 480 BCE. Etruscan Tarquinia- archaic. Fresco on limestone

Sarcophagus with somber husband and wife relief in rest together. Late 400s-early 300s BCE. Etruscan. Tomb of tetines fam. Vulci-Classical. Vulcanic tuff

Tomb of the Infernal chariot. 300-320 BCE. Etruscan, Tuscany-Classical. Travertine stone

Head of republican priest. 50-39BCE. Marble. Rome republic. Stoic and verism

Two Roman Spearbearer athletes and caryatid. 50-25BCE. Rome- influx of Greek art. Marble. Oh was bronze

Don’t memorize, but take in the idea of Greek heroism and idealism for Augustus

Augustus as an imperator. 20BCE. Rome- Augustus’s Idealism. Pax Romania. Bronze og. Marble.

Flavian woman in guise of Aphrodite. Wise face beauty body. 79-81CE. Rome- Exlecticism. Marble

Head bust of Julius Caesar. 44BCE. Rome-Egypt. Apotheosis. Green basalt

Pantheon of Rome. 125 CE. Rome-Baroque/sublime. Heavy basalt, brick-faced concrete.

Commissioned 23CE by Agrippa.

Portrait of youth with surgical cut in eye. 190-210AD. Rome, Egypt-Illusionism. Encaustic on limewood

If want

Portrait of Eutyches. 100-150CE. Rome-egyot-illusionism. Encaustic on wood

If want

Mosaic Doves in a basin. 50-70BCE. Rome-Still life. Glass tesserae.

Don’t memorize

Wall Mosaic of Neptune. 62-79CE. Rome-Still life. Glass tesserae and shells.

Don’t memorize