Psychotherapy in Special Populations

These flashcards cover key concepts from Psychotherapy in Special Populations, focusing on theories of psychological development and their application in therapy.

Freud's Psychosexual Development

A theory proposing five stages of human psychological development that influence behavior and personality.

Oral Stage (0-1 years)

The first stage of Freud's psychosexual development, where pleasure centers on the mouth.

Anal Stage (1-3 years)

The second stage, focusing on bowel and bladder control and the pleasures of controlling these functions.

Phallic Stage (3-6 years)

The third stage, where the focus shifts to the genitals, and children begin to identify with their same-gender parent.

Latency Stage (6 years to puberty)

The stage where sexual interests become dormant as children focus on social interactions and learning.

Genital Stage (puberty to death)

The final stage, where mature sexual interests emerge, focusing on relationships with others.

Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

A theory that describes eight stages of psychosocial development across a person's lifespan.

Trust vs. Mistrust

Erikson's first stage, where infants learn to trust caregivers and their environment.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

The second stage, occurring in early childhood, focused on fostering independence.

Initiative vs. Guilt

The third stage where children begin to assert control and power over their environment.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

Erikson's final stage that reflects on life and achievements, where individuals seek to feel fulfilled or face despair.

Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

A framework describing the cognitive development of children through four stages.

Sensorimotor Stage (Birth to 2 years)

The first stage where infants learn through sensory experiences and manipulating objects.

Preoperational Stage (2-7 years)

The second stage characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism but limited logical reasoning.

Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years)

The third stage where children begin to think logically about concrete events.

Formal Operational Stage (12 years and up)

The final stage when individuals develop the ability to think abstractly and logically.

Resiliency in Children

The ability to cope with stress and adversity, important for emotional strength in therapy.

Parent Management Training (PMT)

A therapeutic approach focusing on improving parent-child relationships through positive reinforcement.

Problem-Solving Skills Training (PSST)

A therapy approach that helps children develop the skills to identify problems and evaluate solutions.

Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)

A screening tool specifically designed to identify depression in elderly patients.

Elder Abuse

A term referring to various forms of abuse affecting older individuals, including physical, emotional, and financial.

Countertransference

When a therapist projects their own feelings onto a patient, which can affect the therapeutic relationship.

Mandated Reporter

An individual required by law to report suspected cases of abuse or neglect to authorities.