Molecular Biology of the Cell - Lecture Review

These flashcards cover the key concepts discussed in the lecture on molecular biology, particularly focusing on sequencing methods, genetic research techniques, and the generation of transgenic models.

What is the rationale behind Sanger sequencing method?

The presence of a 3’-hydroxyl is required for adding a nucleotide to an existing strand, and ddNTPs are chain-terminating nucleotides.

What is the difference between shotgun sequencing and BAC cloning?

Shotgun sequencing involves random fragmentation of DNA, while BAC cloning uses bacterial artificial chromosomes to hold larger DNA fragments for sequencing.

What is site-directed mutagenesis?

A method to create a mutated version of a gene by designing primers with mismatched mutations.

How are transgenic mice generated?

By introducing altered genes into mouse embryonic stem cells, allowing them to develop into a complete organism with the modified gene.

What are reporter genes and their use in molecular research?

Reporter genes are sequences that are fused with another gene to monitor gene expression, often utilizing fluorescent proteins.

What is the purpose of generating mice with mutations found in yeast infection suppressor genes?

To study the functional consequences of these mutations on yeast infection susceptibility in mouse models.

What is the significance of the gene CARD9 in yeast infections?

Mutations in CARD9 are associated with increased susceptibility to yeast infections, particularly in T-helper immune cells.

What technique allows for precise editing of the genome?

The CRISPR-Cas9 system, which enables the addition or deletion of specific DNA sequences.