Lecture Notes Art 110 1-3(Pages 1–22)

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key concepts, terms, and examples from Pages 1–22 of the lecture notes.

In Ancient Greece, the goal of visual art was to __ the real world.

Mimesis: imitation or copy of the real world in art.

The Zeuxis–Parhassios story illustrates the pursuit of __ in art, where realism aims to fool observers (even birds).

Mimesis (illusionism): imitation of reality that deceives observers.

Tolstoy argued that art is a human activity that transmits feelings from the artist to the viewer, a concept called __.

Communication of Feeling: art conveys lived-through feelings and infects the viewer.

Clive Bell proposed that art rests on a '__ form' that provides aesthetic pleasure without needing to imitate reality.

Significant Form: a quality that provokes aesthetic pleasure.

The Institutional Theory of Art claims art is an object designated as art by the '__' or artworld.

Institutional Theory of Art: art is defined by the institutions that recognize it as art.

Craft follows a predetermined formula to achieve a specific outcome; fine art results from a free, open-ended exploration. This is the craft—__ distinction.

Craft vs. Fine Art: distinction between process and outcome in making art.

In many historical cultures, the __ was a skilled worker who produced objects by agreed-upon designs and often remained anonymous.

Artisan/Craftsperson: the skilled worker valued for craftsmanship rather than originality.

In China, the __ united painting with poetry and calligraphy and valued personal expression over strict realism.

Scholar-Painter: a Chinese artist integrating painting, poetry, and calligraphy.

In the text, the importance of __ is emphasized as the ability to analyze, decipher, and interpret works of art.

Visual Literacy: ability to analyze and interpret art; critical thinking about images.

A liberal arts education is argued to 'humanize the powerful' by coupling intellectual power with __.

Wisdom: balance power with ethical or humane understanding.

Prehistoric cave paintings are thought to be a form of __ magic, rituals intended to influence the real world.

Sympathetic Magic: using imagery to influence outcomes (e.g., hunts).

Medieval labyrinths like Chartres Cathedral were designed for physical engagement; pilgrims perform a form of __.

Pilgrimage and meditative prayer: the labyrinth functions as a physical and spiritual journey.

John Haberle's A Bachelor’s Drawer exemplifies __, where the viewer becomes an accomplice in a visual trick.

Trompe l’oeil: trick of the eye; deception rewarding careful viewing.

Georgia O'Keeffe is cited as an example of __, expressing personal vision rather than following strict conventions.

Personal Expression: art driven by personal ideas and feelings.

Australian Aboriginal Art uses pictorial maps to tell stories and convey cultural history, reflecting __.

Community values: art expresses shared beliefs and social memory.

Buddhist Sand Mandalas function as maps of the cosmos showing the relationship of the individual to the whole within a shared spiritual framework, illustrating __.

Community values: shared spiritual frameworks through art.

The motto 'Art for Art’s Sake' advocates creating art for its own sake, free from external social or political standards; this stance is called __.

Art for Art’s Sake: art valued for aesthetic intrinsic value alone.

Nam June Paik's TV Cello is an example of __, a key form of 4D art.

Video Art: a form of 4D art using projected moving images.

Projection Mapping uses video projectors to display images onto 2D or 3D surfaces, conforming to their contours; this is known as __.

Projection Mapping.

In Yoko Ono's Cut Piece, the artwork is the artist's live __.

Performance Art: the art is the action, often performed live.

Marc Lee's 10,000 Moving Cities exemplifies __, interactive works using digital technologies.

New Media Art: modern interactive art using digital tech.

The categories of art by dimension include 2D, 3D, and 4D (time-based) art; 4D is often called time-based art or __.

4D or Time-Based Art: art where time is essential, often using technology.

In 3D creation, modeling is an additive process using soft materials and an internal support called an __.

Armature: internal framework to support modeling material.

Carving is a subtractive process that can’t be reversed once material is removed; it often uses hard stones like __ or marble.

Stone materials: diorite, marble; carving highlights permanence and skill.

Casting is a replacement process where a wax or clay model is replaced with a durable material through a process like the 'lost wax' method; the final piece is created in __.

Bronze (or metal): casting allows multiple copies from a single model.

Assemblage is a 3D creation method where artists attach disparate objects to create sculpture; a famous example is Louise Nevelson's Sky Cathedral composed of wooden boxes and discarded objects painted a single color.

Assemblage: combining found objects into a sculpture.

The first European porcelain was produced in 1708 in Meissen, Germany, marking the diffusion of the technique of __.

Porcelain.

Porphyry, a rich purple marble, was reserved for Roman imperial use and signified imperial power; this material is an example of __.

Symbolic Material: porphyry as imperial symbol.

The reuse of older monuments or materials in new works is called __ (spolia), as seen in Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel.

Spolia: reuse of older materials to signal power and continuity.

The high demand for ivory led to the decimation of elephant herds; today the sale and purchase of ivory objects are widely boycotted to preserve these animals, illustrating the ethical and ecological issues surrounding the exploitation of elephants; this is tied to the material's __ value.

Ethical and ecological issues / conservation value.

Do Ho Su's use of military dog tags comments on the dehumanizing nature of military service and national service, illustrating material connotations of class and state.

Material Connotations of Class and State.

The diffusion of porcelain technology from China to Europe, beginning with Meissen in 1708, highlights the global __ of luxury materials and techniques.

Porcelain diffusion: global transfer of material culture.