Lipids - Fill-in-the-Blank Flashcards

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering lipids: fats, triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.

Lipids are hydrophobic molecules composed mainly of atoms.

carbon and hydrogen

A triglyceride is made from glycerol and three acids.

fatty

Hydrolysis of triglycerides releases that can be metabolized to produce ATP.

fatty acids

During triglyceride formation, dehydration synthesis forms an bond between glycerol and fatty acids.

ester

Saturated fatty acids have no carbon–carbon double bonds and pack tightly, leading to a higher .

melting point

Hydrogenation converts unsaturated fatty acids to more saturated fats and can produce fats.

trans

Fats store energy; hydrolysis of triglycerides releases fatty acids that can be metabolized to produce .

ATP

In phospholipids, the head group is .

hydrophilic

In phospholipids, the fatty acid tail is .

hydrophobic

A is formed when amphipathic lipids arrange with their hydrophobic tails inward.

micelle

Steroids are lipids containing a core of interconnected rings.

four fused rings

Cholesterol can be converted to other steroids by modifying side groups; examples include the hormone .

estrogen

Another example of a steroid hormone is .

testosterone

Waxes are produced by plants and animals and contain hydrocarbons; they are very .

nonpolar

Phospholipids are amphipathic, with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic .

tail

Lipids are hydrophobic molecules composed mainly of **** atoms.

carbon and hydrogen

A triglyceride is made from glycerol and three **** acids.

fatty

Hydrolysis of triglycerides releases **** that can be metabolized to produce ATP.

fatty acids

During triglyceride formation, dehydration synthesis forms an **** bond between glycerol and fatty acids.

ester

Saturated fatty acids have no carbon–carbon double bonds and pack tightly, leading to a higher ****.

melting point

Hydrogenation converts unsaturated fatty acids to more saturated fats and can produce **** fats.

trans

Fats store energy; hydrolysis of triglycerides releases fatty acids that can be metabolized to produce ****.

ATP

In phospholipids, the head group is ****.

hydrophilic

In phospholipids, the fatty acid tail is ****.

hydrophobic

A **** is formed when amphipathic lipids arrange with their hydrophobic tails inward.

micelle

Steroids are lipids containing a core of **** interconnected rings.

four fused rings

Cholesterol can be converted to other steroids by modifying side groups; examples include the hormone ****.

estrogen

Another example of a steroid hormone is ****.

testosterone

Waxes are produced by plants and animals and contain hydrocarbons; they are very ****.

nonpolar

Phospholipids are amphipathic, with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic ****.

tail

The term **** means "water-fearing."

hydrophobic

The reaction between a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group forms an **** bond.

ester

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more carbon–carbon **** bonds.

double

In an aqueous environment, amphipathic lipids form a micelle with their hydrophobic tails pointing ****.

inward

Cholesterol serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other **** hormones.

steroid